| 2000 |
SBP1 (PfSBP1) is an integral membrane protein of Maurer's clefts in P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes; its carboxy-terminal domain, exposed in the host cell cytoplasm, interacts with a 35 kDa erythrocyte skeletal protein, suggesting it participates in anchoring Maurer's clefts to the erythrocyte submembrane skeleton. Antibodies to both termini of PfSBP1 also labelled vesicular structures in P. berghei-infected erythrocytes, indicating conservation across malaria species. |
Immunoprecipitation with hyperimmune sera, biochemical characterization, antibody labelling of infected erythrocytes from multiple Plasmodium species |
Molecular and biochemical parasitology |
Medium |
11087921
|
| 2006 |
Targeted gene disruption of SBP1 in P. falciparum prevented PfEMP1 surface expression on infected red blood cells and abolished cytoadhesion; PfEMP1 was retained in Maurer's clefts and Maurer's clefts were displaced from the erythrocyte periphery. Complementation with sbp1 restored PfEMP1 surface expression and adhesion, demonstrating SBP1 is essential for PfEMP1 translocation to the infected erythrocyte surface. |
Targeted gene disruption (knockout), genetic complementation, immunofluorescence, adhesion assays |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
16520384
|
| 2006 |
PfSBP1 functions at the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) to load PfEMP1 into Maurer's clefts during formation of these structures; loss of PfSBP1 abolished PfEMP1 surface display and the major antibody reactivity of multigravid women directed at PfEMP1. |
Genetic disruption of SBP1, immunofluorescence microscopy, antibody reactivity assays with immune sera |
Blood |
High |
17023587
|
| 2006 |
Parasite protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), localized to Maurer's clefts, modulates the phosphorylation status of the amino-terminal domain of PfSBP1 within the lumen of Maurer's clefts, as shown by co-immunoprecipitation and phosphatase inhibition. Hyperphosphorylation of PfSBP1 induced by the PP1 inhibitor calyculin A in late schizonts prevented merozoite release, linking SBP1 phosphorylation state to red blood cell membrane stability. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, pharmacological inhibition with calyculin A, observation of merozoite release block |
Cellular microbiology |
Medium |
16548885
|
| 2005 |
The carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic domain of PfSBP1 on Maurer's clefts interacts with the host erythrocyte cytosolic protein LANCL1; LANCL1 is specifically recruited to the surface of Maurer's clefts in mature P. falciparum blood stages, implicating this interaction in preventing premature rupture of the red blood cell membrane. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry identification of LANCL1, immunofluorescence localization in infected erythrocytes |
Molecular and biochemical parasitology |
Medium |
15811525
|
| 2008 |
The transmembrane domain of PfSBP1 functions as an internal signal sequence for entry into the parasite's secretory pathway and transport to the parasite plasma membrane; trafficking beyond the parasite plasma membrane additionally requires N-terminal domains with high negative net charge, which influence protein solubility, membrane orientation, and subcellular localization. PfSBP1 lacks the PEXEL/VTS motif and is not N-terminally processed. |
Domain-deletion mutagenesis, chimeric reporter constructs, biochemical fractionation, immunofluorescence |
Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) |
Medium |
19054387
|
| 2008 |
The N-terminal region and transmembrane domain of PfSBP1 can functionally replace the corresponding regions in the PEXEL-negative exported protein REX2 to promote export, demonstrating these sequence features are shared among PEXEL-negative exported proteins and are functionally interchangeable. |
Chimeric protein domain-swap constructs expressed in P. falciparum, fluorescence microscopy |
Molecular microbiology |
Medium |
19170882
|
| 2008 |
PfSBP1 physically interacts with the molecular chaperone PfBiP during early export steps, as revealed by the conditional aggregation domain (CAD) export system; this interaction occurs prior to arrival at Maurer's clefts. |
Conditional protein export system (CAD domain fused to full-length PfSBP1), co-immunoprecipitation of intermediate complexes |
Cellular microbiology |
Medium |
18691247
|
| 2013 |
Plasmepsin V does not cleave the N-terminal sequence of SBP1 (a PEXEL-negative exported protein), establishing that SBP1 export is independent of Plasmepsin V processing. |
In vitro Plasmepsin V cleavage assay, N-terminal sequencing |
Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) |
Medium |
23387285
|
| 2015 |
A defined region of PfSBP1 binds specifically to sub-domains of two major erythrocyte membrane skeleton components, protein 4.1R and spectrin; these interactions anchor Maurer's clefts to the red blood cell membrane skeleton but are necessary yet not sufficient for PfEMP1 translocation to the RBC surface. The N-terminal domain of SBP1 within the Maurer's cleft lumen plays an essential but unidentified additional role. |
GST pulldown, domain-deletion mapping, binding assays with recombinant erythrocyte skeleton proteins, co-localization |
Biochimica et biophysica acta |
Medium |
25883090
|
| 2015 |
Three resident Maurer's cleft membrane proteins including PfSBP1 are exported as soluble forms in the red cell cytoplasm and associate with the parasite group II chaperonin PfTRiC; the domain of interaction with PfTRiC was mapped within the amino-terminal domain of PfSBP1. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mapping, subcellular fractionation |
Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) |
Medium |
25615740
|
| 2016 |
P. berghei orthologues of SBP1 and MAHRP1 were identified; red blood cells infected with P. berghei parasites lacking SBP1 fail to bind the endothelial receptor CD36 and show reduced sequestration and virulence in mice. Complementation of P. berghei SBP1 knockout parasites with P. falciparum SBP1 restored sequestration and virulence, demonstrating evolutionary conservation of SBP1 function across divergent malaria parasites. |
Gene knockout in P. berghei, cross-species complementation with P. falciparum SBP1, in vivo sequestration assays (bioluminescence imaging), CD36 binding assays, virulence assessment in mice |
Nature communications |
High |
27225796
|
| 2016 |
Genetic deletion of SBP1 in P. falciparum dramatically reduced antibody recognition of infected erythrocytes and abolished the ability of human antibodies to promote opsonic phagocytosis, demonstrating that SBP1 is part of a critical trafficking pathway for the dominant surface antigens (primarily PfEMP1) targeted by acquired human immunity. |
Genetic deletion of SBP1, flow cytometry-based antibody binding assays, opsonic phagocytosis assays, multiple parasite isolates and immune sera from different populations |
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS |
High |
27193441
|
| 2016 |
P. knowlesi SBP1 (PkSBP1), when expressed as an epitope-tagged recombinant protein, localizes to membranous structures (Sinton and Mulligan stipplings) analogous to Maurer's clefts in monkey and human erythrocytes; when expressed in P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes, PkSBP1 co-localizes with PfSBP1 at Maurer's clefts, demonstrating conservation of the trafficking pathway. |
Transgenic parasite expression of epitope-tagged PkSBP1, immunofluorescence assay, immunoelectron microscopy, co-localization with PfSBP1 |
PloS one |
Medium |
27732628
|
| 2017 |
PHISTc protein PFD1140w interacts with both PfSBP1 and PfEMP1 simultaneously in vitro, forming a tripartite complex; a direct binding interaction between recombinant PHIST proteins and PfSBP1 was detected, identifying PfSBP1 as a novel binding partner of PHISTc family members. |
In vitro pulldown/binding assays with recombinant proteins, co-immunoprecipitation, co-localization by immunofluorescence |
The FEBS journal |
Medium |
29155505
|
| 2019 |
Using time-resolved proximity biotinylation (SBP1 fused to TurboID), two groups of SBP1 interactors were identified: early (pre-export) and late (post-export). Two membrane-associated proteins were identified as pre-export interactors, one with a predicted translocon domain, suggesting they facilitate extraction of SBP1 from the parasite plasma membrane for export. |
TurboID proximity biotinylation fused to SBP1, label-free quantitative proteomics, conditional mutants of candidate proteins, fluorescence localization |
Journal of cell science |
Medium |
37772444
|
| 2019 |
A comprehensive SBP1 interactome was determined in P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes using unbiased proteomic approaches; SBP1 interactomes revealed numerous exported proteins and potential interactors associated with SBP1 intracellular trafficking, including host-parasite protein interactions. The exported protein MAL8P1.4 was linked to P. falciparum virulence via this interaction network. |
Proteomic interaction mapping (co-immunoprecipitation/AP-MS), label-free quantitative mass spectrometry |
iScience |
Medium |
31476617
|
| 2019 |
SBP1 accumulates in electron-dense material (EDM) in the parasite cytoplasm during the early trophozoite (ring form) stage and is subsequently found in the parasitophorous vacuolar (PV) space before translocation to Maurer's clefts, defining an intermediate trafficking step for SBP1 export. |
Immunoelectron microscopy with anti-SBP1 antibodies raised against recombinant PfSBP1 |
Parasitology international |
Medium |
31669509
|
| 2023 |
SBP1 and MAHRP2 assume a lumenal topology within the parasite secretory pathway (ER lumen), forming ER-lumenal intermediates during export; addition of a C-terminal KDEL ER-retention sequence enhanced retention of SBP1 in the parasite ER, indicating that a sub-population of SBP1 adopts an ER-lumenal state that is a productive intermediate in the export process. SBP1 is targeted by an internal hydrophobic sequence that, unlike a transmembrane segment, does not span the ER membrane. |
Chimeric reporter constructs with ER-retention sequences, intact-cell topology assays, fluorescence microscopy, mass spectrometry |
PLoS pathogens |
Medium |
37000891
|
| 2024 |
SBP1 is expressed in gametocyte-infected erythrocytes and localizes to dot-like Maurer's cleft structures in their cytoplasm; co-immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry identified PfHSP70-1 and PfHSP70-x as SBP1-interacting molecular chaperones in gametocyte-infected erythrocytes, with some HSP70 co-localizing in a dot-like cytoplasmic pattern in immature gametocytes. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence localization in gametocyte-infected erythrocytes |
Parasitology international |
Medium |
38331312
|
| 2018 |
Direct in vitro interaction was demonstrated between purified PfSBP1 and recombinant PfJ23 (a PEXEL-positive hyp16 family member); PfJ23, PfSBP1 and PfEMP1 can form a tripartite complex in vitro, and PfJ23 partially co-localizes with PfSBP1 in parasite-infected erythrocytes. |
In vitro pulldown with recombinant proteins, co-immunoprecipitation with native proteins, immunofluorescence co-localization |
Pathogens and disease |
Low |
30576479
|
| 2019 |
The cytoplasmic domain of CBP2 (cCBP2) interacts in vitro with PfSBP1; this interaction is influenced by ATP binding to cCBP2, which induces structural changes in the protein. |
In vitro binding assay with recombinant proteins, biophysical characterization |
International journal of biological macromolecules |
Low |
31356937
|
| 2021 |
SBP1 KO P. berghei parasites (lacking sequestration ability) induced similar early lung pathology as wild-type parasites in experimental MA-ARDS, but lung pathology resolved in >60% of SBP1 KO-infected mice, associated with decreased inflammatory cytokine expression and lower cytotoxic CD8+ T cell markers; this establishes that SBP1-mediated sequestration inhibits spontaneous disease resolution rather than being required for initial pathology. |
SBP1 KO P. berghei in vivo mouse model, bioluminescence imaging, RT-qPCR (parasite load and cytokines), flow cytometry for CD8+ T cells, histopathology |
PLoS pathogens |
Medium |
34843584
|