{"gene":"PF3D7_1470500","run_date":"2026-09-08T14:19:07","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2008,"finding":"Disruption of PfPDEdelta in P. falciparum results in severely reduced gametogenesis, demonstrating that PDEdelta is required to maintain cGMP below a threshold level during gametocyte development to allow subsequent differentiation to proceed normally.","method":"Gene disruption (knockout) with phenotypic readout (gametogenesis assay)","journal":"Molecular microbiology","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — clean genetic knockout with defined cellular phenotype (aberrant gametogenesis), single lab, single primary method","pmids":["18452584"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2009,"finding":"In P. berghei ookinetes lacking PDEdelta, unregulated cGMP signalling causes rounding up of the normally banana-shaped cells; this morphological phenotype is suppressed in a double mutant additionally lacking guanylyl cyclase beta (GCbeta), establishing by genetic epistasis that GCbeta is the relevant cGMP source and PDEdelta is the relevant cGMP-degrading enzyme in ookinetes.","method":"Genetic epistasis (double mutant: PDEdelta knockout × GCbeta knockout) with morphological phenotype readout","journal":"PLoS pathogens","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Strong — reciprocal genetic epistasis with double-mutant rescue, clearly defined cellular phenotype, multiple genetic backgrounds tested","pmids":["19779564"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2009,"finding":"PDEdelta functions within a cGMP signalling module that regulates ookinete gliding motility; enhanced cGMP signalling (via PDEdelta loss) partially rescues normal gliding speed in a CDPK3 mutant, indicating at least partial overlap between calcium- and cGMP-dependent pathways upstream of PKG.","method":"Genetic epistasis (PDEdelta knockout crossed with CDPK3 mutant) with gliding motility assay","journal":"PLoS pathogens","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — genetic epistasis with functional motility readout, single lab, findings from one study","pmids":["19779564"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2023,"finding":"PfPDEdelta (PF3D7_1470500) is a dual-function enzyme capable of hydrolyzing both cAMP and cGMP in vitro, with higher affinity for cAMP.","method":"In vitro enzymatic assay (phosphodiesterase activity measurement with cAMP and cGMP substrates)","journal":"Microbes and infection","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — direct in vitro enzymatic characterization establishing dual substrate specificity, but single lab and single study","pmids":["36708871"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2023,"finding":"PfPDEdelta localizes to the parasitophorous vacuole at the interface between the host erythrocyte and the parasite in mature gametocyte stages.","method":"Subcellular localization (microscopy/fractionation — method details not fully specified in abstract)","journal":"Microbes and infection","confidence":"Low","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Weak — single lab, localization method not fully described in abstract, no functional rescue of localization-disrupted mutant","pmids":["36708871"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2023,"finding":"PfPDEdelta is the master regulator of increased erythrocyte deformability and inhibition of channel activity in mature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes, operating through the cAMP signalling pathway.","method":"Loss-of-function (PDEdelta disruption) with mechanical/deformability assay and channel activity measurement in gametocyte-infected erythrocytes","journal":"Microbes and infection","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — defined loss-of-function with two orthogonal functional readouts (deformability and channel activity), single lab","pmids":["36708871"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"PF3D7_1470500 (PDEdelta) is a dual-specificity phosphodiesterase (preferring cAMP over cGMP) that localizes to the parasitophorous vacuole in mature gametocytes, where it maintains cGMP and cAMP below thresholds required for normal gametocyte development and for regulating the mechanical properties of infected erythrocytes; in ookinetes, PDEdelta is the principal cGMP-degrading enzyme acting downstream of guanylyl cyclase beta in a cGMP–PKG signalling module that dynamically controls gliding motility during transmission to the mosquito."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"PF3D7_1470500 (PDEdelta) is a cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase that governs transmission-stage biology in Plasmodium by keeping cyclic nucleotide levels below thresholds that trigger downstream signalling [PMID:18452584, PMID:19779564]. In vitro it is a dual-specificity enzyme that hydrolyzes both cAMP and cGMP, with higher affinity for cAMP [PMID:36708871]. During P. falciparum gametocyte development, PDEdelta is required to restrain cGMP so that gametogenesis can proceed normally; its disruption severely reduces gametogenesis [PMID:18452584]. In mature gametocyte stages PfPDEdelta localizes to the parasitophorous vacuole at the host erythrocyte–parasite interface [PMID:36708871], and it acts as a master regulator of infected-erythrocyte mechanics, controlling increased erythrocyte deformability and inhibition of channel activity through the cAMP pathway [PMID:36708871]. In P. berghei ookinetes, PDEdelta is the principal cGMP-degrading enzyme acting downstream of guanylyl cyclase beta: loss of PDEdelta causes unregulated cGMP signalling and rounding of the banana-shaped cell, a phenotype suppressed by additional deletion of GCbeta, and the same cGMP module regulates gliding motility with partial overlap with the CDPK3 calcium-dependent pathway upstream of PKG [PMID:19779564]. No structural model, catalytic-residue mapping, or regulatory-partner biochemistry for PDEdelta has been characterized in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2008,"claim":"Established that PDEdelta is functionally required during sexual-stage development, answering whether cyclic-nucleotide turnover gates gametocyte differentiation.","evidence":"Gene disruption in P. falciparum with gametogenesis phenotype readout","pmids":["18452584"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Substrate specificity not determined in this study","Subcellular site of action not defined","Downstream effector (PKG vs PKA) not identified"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2009,"claim":"Placed PDEdelta in a defined cGMP signalling module by identifying its cognate cyclase, resolving which enzymes generate and degrade the relevant cGMP pool in ookinetes.","evidence":"Genetic epistasis (PDEdelta × GCbeta double mutant) with ookinete morphology readout in P. berghei","pmids":["19779564"],"confidence":"High","gaps":["Does not establish direct enzymatic contact between GCbeta and PDEdelta","cAMP contribution in ookinetes not addressed","Molecular link between cGMP level and cell shape not defined"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2009,"claim":"Connected the PDEdelta cGMP module to motility control and to calcium signalling, showing partial crosstalk between cGMP- and calcium-dependent pathways upstream of PKG.","evidence":"Genetic epistasis (PDEdelta knockout × CDPK3 mutant) with gliding motility assay in P. berghei","pmids":["19779564"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Mechanism of overlap between CDPK3 and cGMP pathways not defined","PKG involvement inferred, not directly tested here","Quantitative contribution of PDEdelta to motility not isolated from GCbeta"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2023,"claim":"Defined the biochemical activity of PDEdelta, resolving whether it is cGMP-specific or dual-specificity and thereby which second messengers it can control.","evidence":"In vitro phosphodiesterase assay with cAMP and cGMP substrates (P. falciparum enzyme)","pmids":["36708871"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Single lab, single study","Kinetic constants and physiological substrate preference in vivo not established","Regulation of catalytic activity not addressed"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2023,"claim":"Assigned a cellular site and a host-cell phenotype to PDEdelta, showing it operates at the parasitophorous vacuole to control infected-erythrocyte mechanics via cAMP.","evidence":"Subcellular localization plus loss-of-function with deformability and channel-activity readouts in P. falciparum gametocyte-infected erythrocytes","pmids":["36708871"],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["Localization method not fully described and lacks rescue of a localization-disrupted mutant","Mechanistic link from cAMP to channel activity/deformability not resolved","Effector kinase (PKA) mediating the cAMP effect not identified"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"How PDEdelta integrates its dual cAMP/cGMP activity across life-cycle stages and how its localization and catalytic activity are regulated remain unresolved.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["No structural model or catalytic-residue mapping","No identified regulatory partners or complex members","Stage-specific substrate preference (cAMP in gametocytes vs cGMP in ookinetes) not mechanistically reconciled"],"attribution":[]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":[],"partners":["GUANYLYL CYCLASE BETA (GCBETA) — GENETICALLY EPISTATIC UPSTREAM CGMP SOURCE IN OOKINETES [#1]","CDPK3 — PARTIALLY OVERLAPPING CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PATHWAY IN OOKINETE GLIDING [#2]"],"other_free_text":["Loss of PDEdelta severely reduces P. falciparum gametogenesis, indicating a threshold-setting role for cyclic nucleotides in sexual development [#0].","In P. berghei ookinetes, PDEdelta loss causes cell rounding via unregulated cGMP, suppressed by GCbeta deletion [#1].","Master regulator of increased erythrocyte deformability and channel-activity inhibition in mature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes, acting through cAMP [#5]."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"19779564","id":"PMC_19779564","title":"A cyclic GMP signalling module that regulates gliding motility in a malaria parasite.","date":"2009","source":"PLoS pathogens","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19779564","citation_count":158,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["PDEdelta"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"18452584","id":"PMC_18452584","title":"Disruption of a Plasmodium falciparum cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase gene causes aberrant gametogenesis.","date":"2008","source":"Molecular microbiology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18452584","citation_count":67,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"18590734","id":"PMC_18590734","title":"Cyclic nucleotide-specific phosphodiesterases of Plasmodium falciparum: PfPDEalpha, a non-essential cGMP-specific PDE that is an integral membrane protein.","date":"2008","source":"International journal for parasitology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18590734","citation_count":40,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"36708871","id":"PMC_36708871","title":"Phosphodiesterase delta governs the mechanical properties of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes.","date":"2023","source":"Microbes and infection","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36708871","citation_count":4,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":4658,"output_tokens":1506,"usd":0.018282,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":6596,"output_tokens":2644,"usd":0.04954,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.067822,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_011BPjN2BL33F8cJXD1r7V7T","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01Qwg6vP7qxkpL6Gsc7tajsb","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2008,\n      \"finding\": \"Disruption of PfPDEdelta in P. falciparum results in severely reduced gametogenesis, demonstrating that PDEdelta is required to maintain cGMP below a threshold level during gametocyte development to allow subsequent differentiation to proceed normally.\",\n      \"method\": \"Gene disruption (knockout) with phenotypic readout (gametogenesis assay)\",\n      \"journal\": \"Molecular microbiology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — clean genetic knockout with defined cellular phenotype (aberrant gametogenesis), single lab, single primary method\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"18452584\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2009,\n      \"finding\": \"In P. berghei ookinetes lacking PDEdelta, unregulated cGMP signalling causes rounding up of the normally banana-shaped cells; this morphological phenotype is suppressed in a double mutant additionally lacking guanylyl cyclase beta (GCbeta), establishing by genetic epistasis that GCbeta is the relevant cGMP source and PDEdelta is the relevant cGMP-degrading enzyme in ookinetes.\",\n      \"method\": \"Genetic epistasis (double mutant: PDEdelta knockout × GCbeta knockout) with morphological phenotype readout\",\n      \"journal\": \"PLoS pathogens\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Strong — reciprocal genetic epistasis with double-mutant rescue, clearly defined cellular phenotype, multiple genetic backgrounds tested\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"19779564\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2009,\n      \"finding\": \"PDEdelta functions within a cGMP signalling module that regulates ookinete gliding motility; enhanced cGMP signalling (via PDEdelta loss) partially rescues normal gliding speed in a CDPK3 mutant, indicating at least partial overlap between calcium- and cGMP-dependent pathways upstream of PKG.\",\n      \"method\": \"Genetic epistasis (PDEdelta knockout crossed with CDPK3 mutant) with gliding motility assay\",\n      \"journal\": \"PLoS pathogens\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — genetic epistasis with functional motility readout, single lab, findings from one study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"19779564\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2023,\n      \"finding\": \"PfPDEdelta (PF3D7_1470500) is a dual-function enzyme capable of hydrolyzing both cAMP and cGMP in vitro, with higher affinity for cAMP.\",\n      \"method\": \"In vitro enzymatic assay (phosphodiesterase activity measurement with cAMP and cGMP substrates)\",\n      \"journal\": \"Microbes and infection\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — direct in vitro enzymatic characterization establishing dual substrate specificity, but single lab and single study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36708871\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2023,\n      \"finding\": \"PfPDEdelta localizes to the parasitophorous vacuole at the interface between the host erythrocyte and the parasite in mature gametocyte stages.\",\n      \"method\": \"Subcellular localization (microscopy/fractionation — method details not fully specified in abstract)\",\n      \"journal\": \"Microbes and infection\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Weak — single lab, localization method not fully described in abstract, no functional rescue of localization-disrupted mutant\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36708871\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2023,\n      \"finding\": \"PfPDEdelta is the master regulator of increased erythrocyte deformability and inhibition of channel activity in mature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes, operating through the cAMP signalling pathway.\",\n      \"method\": \"Loss-of-function (PDEdelta disruption) with mechanical/deformability assay and channel activity measurement in gametocyte-infected erythrocytes\",\n      \"journal\": \"Microbes and infection\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — defined loss-of-function with two orthogonal functional readouts (deformability and channel activity), single lab\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36708871\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"PF3D7_1470500 (PDEdelta) is a dual-specificity phosphodiesterase (preferring cAMP over cGMP) that localizes to the parasitophorous vacuole in mature gametocytes, where it maintains cGMP and cAMP below thresholds required for normal gametocyte development and for regulating the mechanical properties of infected erythrocytes; in ookinetes, PDEdelta is the principal cGMP-degrading enzyme acting downstream of guanylyl cyclase beta in a cGMP–PKG signalling module that dynamically controls gliding motility during transmission to the mosquito.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"PF3D7_1470500 (PDEdelta) is a cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase that governs transmission-stage biology in Plasmodium by keeping cyclic nucleotide levels below thresholds that trigger downstream signalling [#0, #1]. In vitro it is a dual-specificity enzyme that hydrolyzes both cAMP and cGMP, with higher affinity for cAMP [#3]. During P. falciparum gametocyte development, PDEdelta is required to restrain cGMP so that gametogenesis can proceed normally; its disruption severely reduces gametogenesis [#0]. In mature gametocyte stages PfPDEdelta localizes to the parasitophorous vacuole at the host erythrocyte–parasite interface [#4], and it acts as a master regulator of infected-erythrocyte mechanics, controlling increased erythrocyte deformability and inhibition of channel activity through the cAMP pathway [#5]. In P. berghei ookinetes, PDEdelta is the principal cGMP-degrading enzyme acting downstream of guanylyl cyclase beta: loss of PDEdelta causes unregulated cGMP signalling and rounding of the banana-shaped cell, a phenotype suppressed by additional deletion of GCbeta, and the same cGMP module regulates gliding motility with partial overlap with the CDPK3 calcium-dependent pathway upstream of PKG [#1, #2]. No structural model, catalytic-residue mapping, or regulatory-partner biochemistry for PDEdelta has been characterized in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2008,\n      \"claim\": \"Established that PDEdelta is functionally required during sexual-stage development, answering whether cyclic-nucleotide turnover gates gametocyte differentiation.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Gene disruption in P. falciparum with gametogenesis phenotype readout\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"18452584\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Substrate specificity not determined in this study\", \"Subcellular site of action not defined\", \"Downstream effector (PKG vs PKA) not identified\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2009,\n      \"claim\": \"Placed PDEdelta in a defined cGMP signalling module by identifying its cognate cyclase, resolving which enzymes generate and degrade the relevant cGMP pool in ookinetes.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Genetic epistasis (PDEdelta × GCbeta double mutant) with ookinete morphology readout in P. berghei\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"19779564\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Does not establish direct enzymatic contact between GCbeta and PDEdelta\", \"cAMP contribution in ookinetes not addressed\", \"Molecular link between cGMP level and cell shape not defined\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2009,\n      \"claim\": \"Connected the PDEdelta cGMP module to motility control and to calcium signalling, showing partial crosstalk between cGMP- and calcium-dependent pathways upstream of PKG.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Genetic epistasis (PDEdelta knockout × CDPK3 mutant) with gliding motility assay in P. berghei\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"19779564\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Mechanism of overlap between CDPK3 and cGMP pathways not defined\", \"PKG involvement inferred, not directly tested here\", \"Quantitative contribution of PDEdelta to motility not isolated from GCbeta\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2023,\n      \"claim\": \"Defined the biochemical activity of PDEdelta, resolving whether it is cGMP-specific or dual-specificity and thereby which second messengers it can control.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"In vitro phosphodiesterase assay with cAMP and cGMP substrates (P. falciparum enzyme)\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36708871\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Single lab, single study\", \"Kinetic constants and physiological substrate preference in vivo not established\", \"Regulation of catalytic activity not addressed\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2023,\n      \"claim\": \"Assigned a cellular site and a host-cell phenotype to PDEdelta, showing it operates at the parasitophorous vacuole to control infected-erythrocyte mechanics via cAMP.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Subcellular localization plus loss-of-function with deformability and channel-activity readouts in P. falciparum gametocyte-infected erythrocytes\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36708871\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Localization method not fully described and lacks rescue of a localization-disrupted mutant\", \"Mechanistic link from cAMP to channel activity/deformability not resolved\", \"Effector kinase (PKA) mediating the cAMP effect not identified\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"How PDEdelta integrates its dual cAMP/cGMP activity across life-cycle stages and how its localization and catalytic activity are regulated remain unresolved.\",\n      \"evidence\": null,\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"No structural model or catalytic-residue mapping\", \"No identified regulatory partners or complex members\", \"Stage-specific substrate preference (cAMP in gametocytes vs cGMP in ookinetes) not mechanistically reconciled\"],\n      \"attribution\": []\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0004115\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [3, 5]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0047555\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 1, 3]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0020003\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [4]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0019934\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [5]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0019935\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [1, 2]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0071322\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [],\n    \"partners\": [\n      \"Guanylyl cyclase beta (GCbeta) — genetically epistatic upstream cGMP source in ookinetes [#1]\",\n      \"CDPK3 — partially overlapping calcium-dependent pathway in ookinete gliding [#2]\"\n    ],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"Loss of PDEdelta severely reduces P. falciparum gametogenesis, indicating a threshold-setting role for cyclic nucleotides in sexual development [#0].\",\n      \"In P. berghei ookinetes, PDEdelta loss causes cell rounding via unregulated cGMP, suppressed by GCbeta deletion [#1].\",\n      \"Master regulator of increased erythrocyte deformability and channel-activity inhibition in mature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes, acting through cAMP [#5].\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_1470500","name":null,"product":"cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase delta","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_1333700","name":null,"product":"cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase delta","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_1210500","name":null,"product":"cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase delta, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"PDEdelta","evaluation":null}