{"gene":"PF3D7_1452500","run_date":"2026-09-08T14:19:07","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2006,"finding":"PF3D7_1452500 (STX6) was identified as a SNARE-like protein in P. falciparum through bioinformatics analysis of the P. falciparum genome; 18 SNARE-like proteins were classified into phylogenetic groups, with STX6 belonging to a P. falciparum-specific syntaxin-like subfamily. Unique structural features noted for some PfSNARE proteins include atypical amino acid residues at the '0' layer position, up to two transmembrane segments, and frequent low-complexity regions.","method":"Comprehensive bioinformatics/phylogenetic analysis of the P. falciparum genome","journal":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","confidence":"Low","confidence_rationale":"Tier 4 / Weak — computational prediction only, no functional experiment performed on STX6 specifically","pmids":["17240462"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2020,"finding":"STX6 (PF3D7_1452500) in P. falciparum is implicated in the biogenesis of the inner membrane complex (alveoli), likely acting in a coordinated manner with TgVps45 (a tethering factor) and Stx16.","method":"Functional analysis of SNARE and SEC1/Munc18 proteins in Apicomplexa; conditional knockdown/localization experiments in Toxoplasma gondii and P. falciparum with phenotypic readout of inner membrane complex biogenesis","journal":"mBio","confidence":"Low","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Weak — single study, STX6 role in P. falciparum inferred from experiments predominantly in T. gondii; abstract does not describe direct functional experiment on STX6 in P. falciparum specifically","pmids":["33082261"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"PF3D7_1452500 (STX6) is a predicted SNARE protein in P. falciparum belonging to a syntaxin-like subfamily, and is implicated—likely together with TgVps45 and Stx16—in inner membrane complex (alveoli) biogenesis, though direct functional experiments in P. falciparum have not been reported."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"PF3D7_1452500 (STX6) is a predicted SNARE-like protein of Plasmodium falciparum, identified computationally as one of 18 P. falciparum SNARE-like proteins and assigned to a P. falciparum-specific syntaxin-like subfamily [PMID:17240462]. Functional analysis of apicomplexan SNARE and SEC1/Munc18 proteins implicates STX6 in biogenesis of the inner membrane complex (alveoli), acting in coordination with TgVps45 and Stx16 [PMID:33082261]; this role in P. falciparum was inferred largely from experiments in Toxoplasma gondii rather than demonstrated by direct functional experiments on STX6 in P. falciparum. Beyond its computational classification [PMID:17240462] and this inferred pathway assignment [PMID:33082261], no direct experimental characterization of STX6 function, membrane fusion activity, or interaction partners in P. falciparum has been reported in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2006,"claim":"Establishing whether P. falciparum encodes a syntaxin-6-like SNARE at all, this genome-wide survey placed STX6 within a parasite-specific syntaxin-like subfamily and flagged atypical SNARE structural features.","evidence":"Comprehensive bioinformatics/phylogenetic analysis of the P. falciparum genome","pmids":["17240462"],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["Computational prediction only; no functional experiment on STX6","SNARE membrane fusion activity not demonstrated","Subcellular localization of STX6 not determined"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2020,"claim":"Addressing what cellular process STX6 might serve, functional analysis of apicomplexan SNARE/SEC1-Munc18 proteins implicated STX6 in inner membrane complex (alveoli) biogenesis alongside TgVps45 and Stx16.","evidence":"Conditional knockdown/localization of SNARE and SEC1/Munc18 proteins in Toxoplasma gondii and P. falciparum, with inner membrane complex biogenesis as phenotypic readout","pmids":["33082261"],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["STX6 role in P. falciparum inferred from T. gondii experiments; no direct functional experiment on STX6 in P. falciparum described","Physical interaction of STX6 with TgVps45 or Stx16 not directly demonstrated for the P. falciparum protein","Mechanism of STX6 in alveoli membrane fusion unresolved"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"Whether STX6 mediates membrane fusion, which SNARE partners and tethering factors it engages in P. falciparum, and its native subcellular localization remain unestablished by direct experiment.","evidence":"No direct functional characterization of STX6 in P. falciparum reported in the corpus","pmids":[],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["No direct P. falciparum functional assay for STX6","No experimentally validated interaction partners","No structural or fusion-activity data"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":[],"partners":["TGVPS45 (INFERRED, T. GONDII)","STX16 (INFERRED)"],"other_free_text":["Predicted SNARE-like protein assigned to a P. falciparum-specific syntaxin-like subfamily [#0].","Implicated in inner membrane complex (alveoli) biogenesis, with the role in P. falciparum inferred largely from T. gondii experiments [#1].","No direct functional experiments on STX6 in P. falciparum have been reported in the available corpus."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"17240462","id":"PMC_17240462","title":"Identification of Plasmodium falciparum family of SNAREs.","date":"2006","source":"Molecular and biochemical parasitology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17240462","citation_count":38,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"33082261","id":"PMC_33082261","title":"The ZIP Code of Vesicle Trafficking in Apicomplexa: SEC1/Munc18 and SNARE Proteins.","date":"2020","source":"mBio","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33082261","citation_count":33,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["STX6"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":4077,"output_tokens":690,"usd":0.011291,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":5281,"output_tokens":1570,"usd":0.032828,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.044119,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_011BPjN2BL33F8cJXD1r7V7T","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01Qwg6vP7qxkpL6Gsc7tajsb","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2006,\n      \"finding\": \"PF3D7_1452500 (STX6) was identified as a SNARE-like protein in P. falciparum through bioinformatics analysis of the P. falciparum genome; 18 SNARE-like proteins were classified into phylogenetic groups, with STX6 belonging to a P. falciparum-specific syntaxin-like subfamily. Unique structural features noted for some PfSNARE proteins include atypical amino acid residues at the '0' layer position, up to two transmembrane segments, and frequent low-complexity regions.\",\n      \"method\": \"Comprehensive bioinformatics/phylogenetic analysis of the P. falciparum genome\",\n      \"journal\": \"Molecular and biochemical parasitology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 4 / Weak — computational prediction only, no functional experiment performed on STX6 specifically\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"17240462\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2020,\n      \"finding\": \"STX6 (PF3D7_1452500) in P. falciparum is implicated in the biogenesis of the inner membrane complex (alveoli), likely acting in a coordinated manner with TgVps45 (a tethering factor) and Stx16.\",\n      \"method\": \"Functional analysis of SNARE and SEC1/Munc18 proteins in Apicomplexa; conditional knockdown/localization experiments in Toxoplasma gondii and P. falciparum with phenotypic readout of inner membrane complex biogenesis\",\n      \"journal\": \"mBio\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Weak — single study, STX6 role in P. falciparum inferred from experiments predominantly in T. gondii; abstract does not describe direct functional experiment on STX6 in P. falciparum specifically\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"33082261\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"PF3D7_1452500 (STX6) is a predicted SNARE protein in P. falciparum belonging to a syntaxin-like subfamily, and is implicated—likely together with TgVps45 and Stx16—in inner membrane complex (alveoli) biogenesis, though direct functional experiments in P. falciparum have not been reported.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"PF3D7_1452500 (STX6) is a predicted SNARE-like protein of Plasmodium falciparum, identified computationally as one of 18 P. falciparum SNARE-like proteins and assigned to a P. falciparum-specific syntaxin-like subfamily [#0]. Functional analysis of apicomplexan SNARE and SEC1/Munc18 proteins implicates STX6 in biogenesis of the inner membrane complex (alveoli), acting in coordination with TgVps45 and Stx16 [#1]; this role in P. falciparum was inferred largely from experiments in Toxoplasma gondii rather than demonstrated by direct functional experiments on STX6 in P. falciparum. Beyond its computational classification [#0] and this inferred pathway assignment [#1], no direct experimental characterization of STX6 function, membrane fusion activity, or interaction partners in P. falciparum has been reported in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2006,\n      \"claim\": \"Establishing whether P. falciparum encodes a syntaxin-6-like SNARE at all, this genome-wide survey placed STX6 within a parasite-specific syntaxin-like subfamily and flagged atypical SNARE structural features.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Comprehensive bioinformatics/phylogenetic analysis of the P. falciparum genome\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"17240462\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Computational prediction only; no functional experiment on STX6\",\n        \"SNARE membrane fusion activity not demonstrated\",\n        \"Subcellular localization of STX6 not determined\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2020,\n      \"claim\": \"Addressing what cellular process STX6 might serve, functional analysis of apicomplexan SNARE/SEC1-Munc18 proteins implicated STX6 in inner membrane complex (alveoli) biogenesis alongside TgVps45 and Stx16.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Conditional knockdown/localization of SNARE and SEC1/Munc18 proteins in Toxoplasma gondii and P. falciparum, with inner membrane complex biogenesis as phenotypic readout\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"33082261\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"STX6 role in P. falciparum inferred from T. gondii experiments; no direct functional experiment on STX6 in P. falciparum described\",\n        \"Physical interaction of STX6 with TgVps45 or Stx16 not directly demonstrated for the P. falciparum protein\",\n        \"Mechanism of STX6 in alveoli membrane fusion unresolved\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether STX6 mediates membrane fusion, which SNARE partners and tethering factors it engages in P. falciparum, and its native subcellular localization remain unestablished by direct experiment.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"No direct functional characterization of STX6 in P. falciparum reported in the corpus\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No direct P. falciparum functional assay for STX6\",\n        \"No experimentally validated interaction partners\",\n        \"No structural or fusion-activity data\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005484\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0070925\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [1]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [],\n    \"partners\": [\"TgVps45 (inferred, T. gondii)\", \"Stx16 (inferred)\"],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"Predicted SNARE-like protein assigned to a P. falciparum-specific syntaxin-like subfamily [#0].\",\n      \"Implicated in inner membrane complex (alveoli) biogenesis, with the role in P. falciparum inferred largely from T. gondii experiments [#1].\",\n      \"No direct functional experiments on STX6 in P. falciparum have been reported in the available corpus.\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_1452500","name":null,"product":"syntaxin-6, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_1316200","name":null,"product":"syntaxin-6, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_1229600","name":null,"product":"syntaxin-6, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"STX6","evaluation":null}