{"gene":"PF3D7_1242700","run_date":"2026-09-08T14:19:06","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2014,"finding":"Cryo-EM structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution placed S17 (PF3D7_1242700) as a component of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit within the intact cytoplasmic ribosome; the structure also revealed that emetine binds the E-site of the small subunit and blocks mRNA/tRNA translocation.","method":"Cryo-EM structure determination at 3.2 Å resolution","journal":"eLife","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the intact 80S ribosome establishes S17's membership in the small subunit complex, but the abstract provides no functional data specific to S17 itself; single study.","pmids":["24913268"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2015,"finding":"Multiple cryo-EM reconstructions of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome purified from blood-stage schizonts confirmed S17 (PF3D7_1242700) as a constituent of the 40S small subunit; atomic models were built by flexible fitting into sub-nanometer resolution density maps.","method":"Cryo-EM reconstruction and atomic model building (flexible fitting)","journal":"Nucleic acids research","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Moderate — multiple independent cryo-EM reconstructions with atomic model building confirm small-subunit membership, but no functional data specific to S17 beyond complex membership.","pmids":["26432834"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2025,"finding":"In situ cryo-electron tomography of actively translating P. falciparum ribosomes inside infected human erythrocytes resolved the native malarial 80S ribosome at high resolution in eight translational states, confirming S17 (PF3D7_1242700) as part of the small subunit in the physiological cellular context; inhibitor treatment caused changes in elongation-factor-bound ribosomal states and apparent upregulation of ribosome biogenesis.","method":"In situ cryo-electron tomography (in-cell, high-resolution, eight structural states)","journal":"Nature structural & molecular biology","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — highest-resolution in situ structural data confirming small-subunit membership in the native cellular context, but no S17-specific functional experiment; single study.","pmids":["40825879"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"PF3D7_1242700 (S17) is a component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, as established by multiple cryo-EM and in situ cryo-electron tomography structures; no experiment has yet defined a biochemical function or interaction specific to S17 beyond its membership in this complex."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"PF3D7_1242700 (S17) is a structural component of the small (40S) subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, established by cryo-EM of the intact ribosome purified from blood-stage schizonts [PMID:24913268, PMID:26432834] and confirmed in the native cellular context by in situ cryo-electron tomography of actively translating ribosomes inside infected human erythrocytes [PMID:40825879]. In these in situ data the malarial 80S ribosome was resolved across eight translational states, placing S17 within the small subunit during physiological translation [PMID:40825879]. Beyond its membership in the 40S subunit, no biochemical function or S17-specific interaction has been characterized in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2014,"claim":"The first high-resolution structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome was needed to define subunit composition and drug-binding sites; it placed S17 within the small subunit of the intact cytoplasmic ribosome.","evidence":"Cryo-EM structure determination of the intact 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution","pmids":["24913268"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No functional data specific to S17 beyond its structural placement in the 40S subunit","No S17-specific interactions or roles in translation resolved","Single structural study"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2015,"claim":"Independent confirmation of subunit assignments was needed; multiple cryo-EM reconstructions with atomic model building reaffirmed S17 as a constituent of the 40S small subunit.","evidence":"Cryo-EM reconstruction and atomic model building by flexible fitting from schizont-purified 80S ribosomes","pmids":["26432834"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Still no functional assay specific to S17","No characterization of S17 outside the assembled ribosome"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2025,"claim":"Whether the subunit membership held in the physiological cellular context was unresolved; in situ cryo-electron tomography of translating ribosomes confirmed S17 as part of the small subunit inside infected erythrocytes across eight translational states.","evidence":"In situ cryo-electron tomography of actively translating ribosomes in infected human erythrocytes","pmids":["40825879"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No S17-specific functional experiment; role inferred only from structural presence","Inhibitor-induced state changes were observed at the whole-ribosome level, not attributed to S17"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"No experiment has yet defined a biochemical function, binding partner, or non-ribosomal role for S17 beyond its membership in the 40S subunit.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No S17-specific loss-of-function or interaction study exists in the corpus","Contribution of S17 to 40S assembly or translation initiation is uncharacterized","Any extraribosomal or moonlighting function is unexplored"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["40S small ribosomal subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome"],"partners":[],"other_free_text":["S17 is placed structurally within the 40S subunit; the corpus establishes only its membership in the ribosome complex and no S17-specific biochemical function or interaction.","Emetine binding to the small-subunit E-site and inhibitor-induced changes in elongation-factor-bound states are properties of the ribosome as a whole, not attributed specifically to S17 [#0, #2]."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"24913268","id":"PMC_24913268","title":"Cryo-EM structure of the Plasmodium falciparum 80S ribosome bound to the anti-protozoan drug emetine.","date":"2014","source":"eLife","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24913268","citation_count":272,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"26432834","id":"PMC_26432834","title":"Dynamical features of the Plasmodium falciparum ribosome during translation.","date":"2015","source":"Nucleic acids research","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26432834","citation_count":45,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"32273345","id":"PMC_32273345","title":"Genetic ablation of the mitoribosome in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum sensitizes it to antimalarials that target mitochondrial functions.","date":"2020","source":"The Journal of biological chemistry","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32273345","citation_count":27,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["S17"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"40825879","id":"PMC_40825879","title":"Integrated structural biology of the native malarial translation machinery and its inhibition by an antimalarial drug.","date":"2025","source":"Nature structural & molecular biology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40825879","citation_count":7,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"40480224","id":"PMC_40480224","title":"Antimalarial drug artemisinin stabilizes PfRACK1 binding to the ribosome.","date":"2025","source":"Structure (London, England : 1993)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40480224","citation_count":3,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":5052,"output_tokens":905,"usd":0.014365,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":5619,"output_tokens":1670,"usd":0.034923,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.049288,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_011BPjN2BL33F8cJXD1r7V7T","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_01Qwg6vP7qxkpL6Gsc7tajsb","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"finding\": \"Cryo-EM structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution placed S17 (PF3D7_1242700) as a component of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit within the intact cytoplasmic ribosome; the structure also revealed that emetine binds the E-site of the small subunit and blocks mRNA/tRNA translocation.\",\n      \"method\": \"Cryo-EM structure determination at 3.2 Å resolution\",\n      \"journal\": \"eLife\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the intact 80S ribosome establishes S17's membership in the small subunit complex, but the abstract provides no functional data specific to S17 itself; single study.\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"24913268\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"finding\": \"Multiple cryo-EM reconstructions of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome purified from blood-stage schizonts confirmed S17 (PF3D7_1242700) as a constituent of the 40S small subunit; atomic models were built by flexible fitting into sub-nanometer resolution density maps.\",\n      \"method\": \"Cryo-EM reconstruction and atomic model building (flexible fitting)\",\n      \"journal\": \"Nucleic acids research\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Moderate — multiple independent cryo-EM reconstructions with atomic model building confirm small-subunit membership, but no functional data specific to S17 beyond complex membership.\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26432834\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"finding\": \"In situ cryo-electron tomography of actively translating P. falciparum ribosomes inside infected human erythrocytes resolved the native malarial 80S ribosome at high resolution in eight translational states, confirming S17 (PF3D7_1242700) as part of the small subunit in the physiological cellular context; inhibitor treatment caused changes in elongation-factor-bound ribosomal states and apparent upregulation of ribosome biogenesis.\",\n      \"method\": \"In situ cryo-electron tomography (in-cell, high-resolution, eight structural states)\",\n      \"journal\": \"Nature structural & molecular biology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — highest-resolution in situ structural data confirming small-subunit membership in the native cellular context, but no S17-specific functional experiment; single study.\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"40825879\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"PF3D7_1242700 (S17) is a component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, as established by multiple cryo-EM and in situ cryo-electron tomography structures; no experiment has yet defined a biochemical function or interaction specific to S17 beyond its membership in this complex.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"PF3D7_1242700 (S17) is a structural component of the small (40S) subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, established by cryo-EM of the intact ribosome purified from blood-stage schizonts [#0, #1] and confirmed in the native cellular context by in situ cryo-electron tomography of actively translating ribosomes inside infected human erythrocytes [#2]. In these in situ data the malarial 80S ribosome was resolved across eight translational states, placing S17 within the small subunit during physiological translation [#2]. Beyond its membership in the 40S subunit, no biochemical function or S17-specific interaction has been characterized in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"claim\": \"The first high-resolution structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome was needed to define subunit composition and drug-binding sites; it placed S17 within the small subunit of the intact cytoplasmic ribosome.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Cryo-EM structure determination of the intact 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"24913268\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No functional data specific to S17 beyond its structural placement in the 40S subunit\",\n        \"No S17-specific interactions or roles in translation resolved\",\n        \"Single structural study\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"claim\": \"Independent confirmation of subunit assignments was needed; multiple cryo-EM reconstructions with atomic model building reaffirmed S17 as a constituent of the 40S small subunit.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Cryo-EM reconstruction and atomic model building by flexible fitting from schizont-purified 80S ribosomes\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26432834\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Still no functional assay specific to S17\",\n        \"No characterization of S17 outside the assembled ribosome\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether the subunit membership held in the physiological cellular context was unresolved; in situ cryo-electron tomography of translating ribosomes confirmed S17 as part of the small subunit inside infected erythrocytes across eight translational states.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"In situ cryo-electron tomography of actively translating ribosomes in infected human erythrocytes\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"40825879\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No S17-specific functional experiment; role inferred only from structural presence\",\n        \"Inhibitor-induced state changes were observed at the whole-ribosome level, not attributed to S17\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"No experiment has yet defined a biochemical function, binding partner, or non-ribosomal role for S17 beyond its membership in the 40S subunit.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No S17-specific loss-of-function or interaction study exists in the corpus\",\n        \"Contribution of S17 to 40S assembly or translation initiation is uncharacterized\",\n        \"Any extraribosomal or moonlighting function is unexplored\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0003735\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 1, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0022627\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 1, 2]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005737\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [2]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0006412\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [2]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [\n      \"40S small ribosomal subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome\"\n    ],\n    \"partners\": [],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"S17 is placed structurally within the 40S subunit; the corpus establishes only its membership in the ribosome complex and no S17-specific biochemical function or interaction.\",\n      \"Emetine binding to the small-subunit E-site and inhibitor-induced changes in elongation-factor-bound states are properties of the ribosome as a whole, not attributed specifically to S17 [#0, #2].\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_1242700","name":null,"product":"40S ribosomal protein S17, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_1456100","name":null,"product":"40S ribosomal protein S17, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_1462000","name":null,"product":"40S ribosomal protein S17, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"","evaluation":null}