{"gene":"PF3D7_1023900","run_date":"2026-09-08T12:51:28","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2024,"finding":"PF3D7_1023900 (PfCHD1) was identified as a binding partner of PfMORC (PF3D7_1468100) through multi-omic (co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry) analysis, placing CHD1 within a nuclear chromatin-remodeling complex that modulates epigenetic control of gene expression during asexual blood stage development of P. falciparum.","method":"Multi-omic analysis including co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry (interactome of PfMORC-HA pulldown)","journal":"eLife","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Moderate — single Co-IP/MS experiment identifying CHD1 as a complex member; no direct functional assay performed on CHD1 itself, single lab","pmids":["39412522"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"PF3D7_1023900 (CHD1), a putative chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein, has been shown to interact with the PfMORC chromatin-associated protein complex in P. falciparum asexual blood stages, placing it within a nuclear epigenetic regulatory complex involved in transcriptional control, but no direct enzymatic activity or independent functional role has been experimentally established for CHD1 itself."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"PF3D7_1023900 (CHD1) is a putative chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein of P. falciparum identified as a binding partner of the chromatin-associated protein PfMORC (PF3D7_1468100) by co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry, placing it within a nuclear complex that modulates epigenetic control of gene expression during asexual blood stage development [PMID:39412522]. Beyond this complex membership, no direct enzymatic activity, substrate, localization, or independent functional role has been characterized for CHD1 itself in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2024,"claim":"To position CHD1 within P. falciparum chromatin biology, its physical association with the PfMORC complex was established, connecting an otherwise uncharacterized putative chromatin remodeler to a defined epigenetic regulatory machinery.","evidence":"Multi-omic co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry of a PfMORC-HA pulldown in asexual blood stages","pmids":["39412522"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Single Co-IP/MS without reciprocal validation from a CHD1 tag","No direct enzymatic (helicase/remodeling) activity demonstrated for CHD1","No genetic or functional assay defining CHD1's independent role or contribution to the complex"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"Whether CHD1 has intrinsic chromatin-remodeling activity, what genes or genomic loci it acts on, and whether it is functionally required within the PfMORC complex remain unresolved.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No demonstrated catalytic activity for CHD1","No knockdown/knockout phenotype for CHD1","No subcellular localization data specific to CHD1"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["PfMORC-associated chromatin-remodeling complex [#0]"],"partners":["PFMORC (PF3D7_1468100) [#0]"],"other_free_text":["CHD1 is a putative chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein; its association with the PfMORC complex is the only experimentally established fact in the corpus [#0].","No direct enzymatic activity, substrate, or independent functional role for CHD1 has been characterized in the available corpus."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"20453074","id":"PMC_20453074","title":"Chromatin-mediated epigenetic regulation in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.","date":"2010","source":"Eukaryotic cell","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20453074","citation_count":96,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"3088783","id":"PMC_3088783","title":"Rapid repeated DNA replication during microgametogenesis and DNA synthesis in young zygotes of Plasmodium berghei.","date":"1986","source":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3088783","citation_count":61,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["DNA"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"4971014","id":"PMC_4971014","title":"DNA, RNA , and protein synthesis in erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium knowlesi.","date":"1968","source":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4971014","citation_count":56,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["DNA"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"15948708","id":"PMC_15948708","title":"DNA-[adenine] methylation in lower eukaryotes.","date":"2005","source":"Biochemistry. Biokhimiia","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15948708","citation_count":42,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["DNA"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"41025349","id":"PMC_41025349","title":"A drug repurposing approach reveals targetable epigenetic pathways in Plasmodium vivax hypnozoites.","date":"2025","source":"eLife","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41025349","citation_count":6,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["DNA"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"39412522","id":"PMC_39412522","title":"A Plasmodium falciparum MORC protein complex modulates epigenetic control of gene expression through interaction with heterochromatin.","date":"2024","source":"eLife","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39412522","citation_count":13,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["PfCHD1"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":4873,"output_tokens":410,"usd":0.010384,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":4918,"output_tokens":1006,"usd":0.02487,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.035254,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01DisAaTypwmC8QwdMBuePHo","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_0184zxZTqxiEfdYYfPMfkqjb","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2024,\n      \"finding\": \"PF3D7_1023900 (PfCHD1) was identified as a binding partner of PfMORC (PF3D7_1468100) through multi-omic (co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry) analysis, placing CHD1 within a nuclear chromatin-remodeling complex that modulates epigenetic control of gene expression during asexual blood stage development of P. falciparum.\",\n      \"method\": \"Multi-omic analysis including co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry (interactome of PfMORC-HA pulldown)\",\n      \"journal\": \"eLife\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Moderate — single Co-IP/MS experiment identifying CHD1 as a complex member; no direct functional assay performed on CHD1 itself, single lab\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"39412522\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"PF3D7_1023900 (CHD1), a putative chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein, has been shown to interact with the PfMORC chromatin-associated protein complex in P. falciparum asexual blood stages, placing it within a nuclear epigenetic regulatory complex involved in transcriptional control, but no direct enzymatic activity or independent functional role has been experimentally established for CHD1 itself.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"PF3D7_1023900 (CHD1) is a putative chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein of P. falciparum identified as a binding partner of the chromatin-associated protein PfMORC (PF3D7_1468100) by co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry, placing it within a nuclear complex that modulates epigenetic control of gene expression during asexual blood stage development [#0]. Beyond this complex membership, no direct enzymatic activity, substrate, localization, or independent functional role has been characterized for CHD1 itself in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2024,\n      \"claim\": \"To position CHD1 within P. falciparum chromatin biology, its physical association with the PfMORC complex was established, connecting an otherwise uncharacterized putative chromatin remodeler to a defined epigenetic regulatory machinery.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Multi-omic co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry of a PfMORC-HA pulldown in asexual blood stages\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"39412522\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Single Co-IP/MS without reciprocal validation from a CHD1 tag\",\n        \"No direct enzymatic (helicase/remodeling) activity demonstrated for CHD1\",\n        \"No genetic or functional assay defining CHD1's independent role or contribution to the complex\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether CHD1 has intrinsic chromatin-remodeling activity, what genes or genomic loci it acts on, and whether it is functionally required within the PfMORC complex remain unresolved.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No demonstrated catalytic activity for CHD1\",\n        \"No knockdown/knockout phenotype for CHD1\",\n        \"No subcellular localization data specific to CHD1\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [],\n    \"localization\": [],\n    \"pathway\": [],\n    \"complexes\": [\"PfMORC-associated chromatin-remodeling complex [#0]\"],\n    \"partners\": [\"PfMORC (PF3D7_1468100) [#0]\"],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"CHD1 is a putative chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein; its association with the PfMORC complex is the only experimentally established fact in the corpus [#0].\",\n      \"No direct enzymatic activity, substrate, or independent functional role for CHD1 has been characterized in the available corpus.\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_1023900","name":null,"product":"chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1 homolog, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_0508100","name":null,"product":"chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_0608400","name":null,"product":"chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1 homolog, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"CHD1","evaluation":null}