{"gene":"PF3D7_1004500","run_date":"2026-09-08T12:51:27","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2022,"finding":"PF3D7_1004500 (AKIT2) was identified as one of 13 previously unknown kinetochore components in Apicomplexa via interactomics and deep homology searches; it is a member of the apicomplexan kinetochore complex, which is organized into at least four discrete compartments with different biochemical interactions and subkinetochore localizations.","method":"Interactomics (co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry) combined with deep homology searches and localization experiments","journal":"The Journal of cell biology","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — reciprocal interactomics and localization in a single lab study with multiple orthogonal methods (interactomics + homology + imaging), but AKIT2 is one of 13 newly identified components and no specific functional experiment was performed on AKIT2 alone","pmids":["36006241"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""},{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"AKIT2 (PF3D7_1004500) is an apicomplexan kinetochore protein identified as part of a multi-subunit kinetochore complex in Plasmodium, where the kinetochore is organized into at least four discrete biochemical compartments; beyond its membership in this complex, no specific catalytic activity, binding partner, or individual functional role has been experimentally established for AKIT2 itself."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"AKIT2 (PF3D7_1004500) is an apicomplexan kinetochore component identified as one of 13 previously unknown kinetochore proteins in Apicomplexa, and it is a member of a multi-subunit kinetochore complex that is organized into at least four discrete compartments with distinct biochemical interactions and subkinetochore localizations [PMID:36006241]. Beyond this membership in the kinetochore complex, no specific catalytic activity, individual binding partner, or discrete functional role has been experimentally established for AKIT2 itself in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2022,"claim":"Whether Apicomplexa possess additional, previously unrecognized kinetochore subunits was unknown; combining interactomics with deep homology searches revealed AKIT2 as one of 13 new components of a compartmentalized apicomplexan kinetochore complex, placing AKIT2 within the chromosome-segregation machinery.","evidence":"Interactomics (co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry) with deep homology searches and localization imaging in P. falciparum and P. berghei","pmids":["36006241"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No functional experiment (knockdown, knockout, or rescue) was performed on AKIT2 alone, so its individual contribution to kinetochore function is undefined","No specific direct binding partner or subcompartment assignment is established for AKIT2 itself","No catalytic activity or molecular mechanism has been attributed to AKIT2"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""},{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"The individual molecular function of AKIT2, its specific binding partners, its subkinetochore compartment assignment, and its requirement for chromosome segregation remain uncharacterized in the available corpus.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No direct partner of AKIT2 has been mapped beyond bulk complex membership","No loss-of-function phenotype for AKIT2 has been reported","No structural or biochemical characterization of AKIT2 exists"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""},{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["Apicomplexan kinetochore complex"],"partners":[],"other_free_text":["Identified as one of 13 previously unknown apicomplexan kinetochore components; the complex is organized into at least four discrete compartments with distinct biochemical interactions and subkinetochore localizations [#0].","No individual function, catalytic activity, or specific binding partner has been established for AKIT2 beyond its membership in the kinetochore complex."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"36006241","id":"PMC_36006241","title":"Composition and organization of kinetochores show plasticity in apicomplexan chromosome segregation.","date":"2022","source":"The Journal of cell biology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36006241","citation_count":31,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":3258,"output_tokens":442,"usd":0.008202,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":4949,"output_tokens":1177,"usd":0.027085,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.035287,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01DisAaTypwmC8QwdMBuePHo","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_0184zxZTqxiEfdYYfPMfkqjb","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2022,\n      \"finding\": \"PF3D7_1004500 (AKIT2) was identified as one of 13 previously unknown kinetochore components in Apicomplexa via interactomics and deep homology searches; it is a member of the apicomplexan kinetochore complex, which is organized into at least four discrete compartments with different biochemical interactions and subkinetochore localizations.\",\n      \"method\": \"Interactomics (co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry) combined with deep homology searches and localization experiments\",\n      \"journal\": \"The Journal of cell biology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — reciprocal interactomics and localization in a single lab study with multiple orthogonal methods (interactomics + homology + imaging), but AKIT2 is one of 13 newly identified components and no specific functional experiment was performed on AKIT2 alone\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36006241\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"},\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"AKIT2 (PF3D7_1004500) is an apicomplexan kinetochore protein identified as part of a multi-subunit kinetochore complex in Plasmodium, where the kinetochore is organized into at least four discrete biochemical compartments; beyond its membership in this complex, no specific catalytic activity, binding partner, or individual functional role has been experimentally established for AKIT2 itself.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"AKIT2 (PF3D7_1004500) is an apicomplexan kinetochore component identified as one of 13 previously unknown kinetochore proteins in Apicomplexa, and it is a member of a multi-subunit kinetochore complex that is organized into at least four discrete compartments with distinct biochemical interactions and subkinetochore localizations [#0]. Beyond this membership in the kinetochore complex, no specific catalytic activity, individual binding partner, or discrete functional role has been experimentally established for AKIT2 itself in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2022,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether Apicomplexa possess additional, previously unrecognized kinetochore subunits was unknown; combining interactomics with deep homology searches revealed AKIT2 as one of 13 new components of a compartmentalized apicomplexan kinetochore complex, placing AKIT2 within the chromosome-segregation machinery.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Interactomics (co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry) with deep homology searches and localization imaging in P. falciparum and P. berghei\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36006241\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No functional experiment (knockdown, knockout, or rescue) was performed on AKIT2 alone, so its individual contribution to kinetochore function is undefined\",\n        \"No specific direct binding partner or subcompartment assignment is established for AKIT2 itself\",\n        \"No catalytic activity or molecular mechanism has been attributed to AKIT2\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"},\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"The individual molecular function of AKIT2, its specific binding partners, its subkinetochore compartment assignment, and its requirement for chromosome segregation remain uncharacterized in the available corpus.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No direct partner of AKIT2 has been mapped beyond bulk complex membership\",\n        \"No loss-of-function phenotype for AKIT2 has been reported\",\n        \"No structural or biochemical characterization of AKIT2 exists\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"},\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0000776\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0007059\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [\"Apicomplexan kinetochore complex\"],\n    \"partners\": [],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"Identified as one of 13 previously unknown apicomplexan kinetochore components; the complex is organized into at least four discrete compartments with distinct biochemical interactions and subkinetochore localizations [#0].\",\n      \"No individual function, catalytic activity, or specific binding partner has been established for AKIT2 beyond its membership in the kinetochore complex.\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_1004500","name":null,"product":"apicomplexan kinetochore protein 2, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_1202800","name":null,"product":"conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_0803200","name":null,"product":"apicomplexan kinetochore protein 2, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"AKIT2","evaluation":null}