{"gene":"PF3D7_0710600","run_date":"2026-09-08T12:51:27","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2014,"finding":"Cryo-EM structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution was determined, establishing the structural context in which RPL34 (PF3D7_0710600) resides as a component of the 60S large subunit of the cytoplasmic ribosome.","method":"Cryo-EM structure determination at 3.2 Å resolution","journal":"eLife","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the intact 80S ribosome establishes RPL34's structural membership in the 60S subunit, but the abstract describes the whole ribosome; no specific functional characterization of RPL34 itself is reported beyond its presence in the complex.","pmids":["24913268"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2015,"finding":"Multiple cryo-EM reconstructions of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at sub-nanometer resolution were obtained from blood-stage schizonts, and atomic models were built by flexible fitting, further confirming RPL34 (PF3D7_0710600) as a structural component of the 60S large subunit during active translation.","method":"Cryo-EM reconstruction and atomic model building from P. falciparum schizont-stage ribosomes","journal":"Nucleic acids research","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — sub-nanometer cryo-EM with atomic model building, but no specific functional experiment targeting RPL34 is described; RPL34's membership in the 60S subunit is inferred from the whole-ribosome model.","pmids":["26432834"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2025,"finding":"Eight high-resolution structures of the native P. falciparum 80S ribosome in actively translating states were determined by in situ cryo-electron tomography inside infected erythrocytes, further establishing RPL34 (PF3D7_0710600) as a structural component of the 60S large subunit in the physiological cellular context during translation elongation.","method":"In situ cryo-electron tomography inside P. falciparum-infected human erythrocytes","journal":"Nature structural & molecular biology","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — in situ cryo-ET at high resolution in the native cellular environment, but no specific functional characterization of RPL34 itself beyond its structural presence in the 60S large subunit is reported in the abstract.","pmids":["40825879"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"PF3D7_0710600 (RPL34) is established as a structural component of the 60S large subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, as confirmed by multiple cryo-EM and cryo-ET studies at near-atomic resolution, including in situ structures from actively translating ribosomes inside infected erythrocytes; no specific enzymatic activity, binding partner, or post-translational modification has been experimentally characterized for RPL34 itself beyond its membership in the 60S ribosomal subunit."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"PF3D7_0710600 (RPL34) is a structural component of the 60S large subunit of the Plasmodium falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, placed within the assembled particle by high-resolution cryo-EM of the intact 80S ribosome [PMID:24913268]. Its membership in the actively translating 60S subunit has been confirmed in blood-stage schizonts by cryo-EM with atomic model building [PMID:26432834] and directly in the native cellular context by in situ cryo-electron tomography of ribosomes translating inside infected erythrocytes [PMID:40825879]. Beyond this structural role within the 60S subunit, no enzymatic activity, binding partner, or post-translational modification of RPL34 itself has been characterized in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2014,"claim":"Establishing the atomic architecture of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome answered where RPL34 physically resides, placing it as a defined structural element of the 60S large subunit.","evidence":"Cryo-EM structure of the intact P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution","pmids":["24913268"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No functional experiment targets RPL34 specifically; its role is inferred from whole-ribosome membership","No binding partner or post-translational modification of RPL34 identified","Contribution of RPL34 to subunit assembly or translation not addressed"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2015,"claim":"Reconstructions from actively translating schizont-stage ribosomes confirmed RPL34's structural incorporation into the 60S subunit during translation rather than in an isolated or artifactual state.","evidence":"Cryo-EM reconstruction and flexible atomic model building from P. falciparum schizont ribosomes","pmids":["26432834"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["RPL34 position inferred from the whole-ribosome model, not from RPL34-specific analysis","No perturbation of RPL34 to test its functional requirement","Stage-specific expression or dynamics of RPL34 not resolved"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2025,"claim":"In situ structures of ribosomes caught translating inside infected erythrocytes established that RPL34 occupies the 60S subunit in the physiological cellular environment during elongation, extending the in vitro picture to native conditions.","evidence":"In situ cryo-electron tomography of native P. falciparum 80S ribosomes inside infected human erythrocytes, yielding eight translating-state structures","pmids":["40825879"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No functional characterization of RPL34 itself beyond structural presence","Whether RPL34 conformation changes across the eight translating states is not attributed to RPL34 specifically","No interaction partners or modifications of RPL34 mapped"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"Whether RPL34 has any role beyond being a passive structural constituent of the 60S subunit — including specific rRNA/protein contacts, assembly dependencies, or druggable features distinct from other ribosomal proteins — remains unaddressed.","evidence":"No experiment in the corpus perturbs, modifies, or functionally isolates RPL34","pmids":[],"confidence":"Low","gaps":["No genetic knockout or knockdown of RPL34 reported","No binding partner, substrate, or post-translational modification identified","No RPL34-specific functional or essentiality data"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["60S large ribosomal subunit of the cytoplasmic 80S ribosome"],"partners":[],"other_free_text":["RPL34 is characterized in the corpus solely as a structural member of the P. falciparum 60S large ribosomal subunit; no RPL34-specific enzymatic activity, binding partner, or post-translational modification has been experimentally established."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"24913268","id":"PMC_24913268","title":"Cryo-EM structure of the Plasmodium falciparum 80S ribosome bound to the anti-protozoan drug emetine.","date":"2014","source":"eLife","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24913268","citation_count":276,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"28288098","id":"PMC_28288098","title":"Mefloquine targets the Plasmodium falciparum 80S ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis.","date":"2017","source":"Nature microbiology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28288098","citation_count":138,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"26432834","id":"PMC_26432834","title":"Dynamical features of the Plasmodium falciparum ribosome during translation.","date":"2015","source":"Nucleic acids research","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26432834","citation_count":46,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"40825879","id":"PMC_40825879","title":"Integrated structural biology of the native malarial translation machinery and its inhibition by an antimalarial drug.","date":"2025","source":"Nature structural & molecular biology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40825879","citation_count":10,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"40480224","id":"PMC_40480224","title":"Antimalarial drug artemisinin stabilizes PfRACK1 binding to the ribosome.","date":"2025","source":"Structure (London, England : 1993)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40480224","citation_count":4,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":4836,"output_tokens":960,"usd":0.014454,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":5686,"output_tokens":1780,"usd":0.036465,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.050919,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01DisAaTypwmC8QwdMBuePHo","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_0184zxZTqxiEfdYYfPMfkqjb","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"finding\": \"Cryo-EM structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution was determined, establishing the structural context in which RPL34 (PF3D7_0710600) resides as a component of the 60S large subunit of the cytoplasmic ribosome.\",\n      \"method\": \"Cryo-EM structure determination at 3.2 Å resolution\",\n      \"journal\": \"eLife\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the intact 80S ribosome establishes RPL34's structural membership in the 60S subunit, but the abstract describes the whole ribosome; no specific functional characterization of RPL34 itself is reported beyond its presence in the complex.\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"24913268\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"finding\": \"Multiple cryo-EM reconstructions of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at sub-nanometer resolution were obtained from blood-stage schizonts, and atomic models were built by flexible fitting, further confirming RPL34 (PF3D7_0710600) as a structural component of the 60S large subunit during active translation.\",\n      \"method\": \"Cryo-EM reconstruction and atomic model building from P. falciparum schizont-stage ribosomes\",\n      \"journal\": \"Nucleic acids research\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — sub-nanometer cryo-EM with atomic model building, but no specific functional experiment targeting RPL34 is described; RPL34's membership in the 60S subunit is inferred from the whole-ribosome model.\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26432834\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"finding\": \"Eight high-resolution structures of the native P. falciparum 80S ribosome in actively translating states were determined by in situ cryo-electron tomography inside infected erythrocytes, further establishing RPL34 (PF3D7_0710600) as a structural component of the 60S large subunit in the physiological cellular context during translation elongation.\",\n      \"method\": \"In situ cryo-electron tomography inside P. falciparum-infected human erythrocytes\",\n      \"journal\": \"Nature structural & molecular biology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — in situ cryo-ET at high resolution in the native cellular environment, but no specific functional characterization of RPL34 itself beyond its structural presence in the 60S large subunit is reported in the abstract.\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"40825879\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"PF3D7_0710600 (RPL34) is established as a structural component of the 60S large subunit of the P. falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, as confirmed by multiple cryo-EM and cryo-ET studies at near-atomic resolution, including in situ structures from actively translating ribosomes inside infected erythrocytes; no specific enzymatic activity, binding partner, or post-translational modification has been experimentally characterized for RPL34 itself beyond its membership in the 60S ribosomal subunit.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"PF3D7_0710600 (RPL34) is a structural component of the 60S large subunit of the Plasmodium falciparum cytoplasmic 80S ribosome, placed within the assembled particle by high-resolution cryo-EM of the intact 80S ribosome [#0]. Its membership in the actively translating 60S subunit has been confirmed in blood-stage schizonts by cryo-EM with atomic model building [#1] and directly in the native cellular context by in situ cryo-electron tomography of ribosomes translating inside infected erythrocytes [#2]. Beyond this structural role within the 60S subunit, no enzymatic activity, binding partner, or post-translational modification of RPL34 itself has been characterized in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"claim\": \"Establishing the atomic architecture of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome answered where RPL34 physically resides, placing it as a defined structural element of the 60S large subunit.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Cryo-EM structure of the intact P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"24913268\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No functional experiment targets RPL34 specifically; its role is inferred from whole-ribosome membership\",\n        \"No binding partner or post-translational modification of RPL34 identified\",\n        \"Contribution of RPL34 to subunit assembly or translation not addressed\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"claim\": \"Reconstructions from actively translating schizont-stage ribosomes confirmed RPL34's structural incorporation into the 60S subunit during translation rather than in an isolated or artifactual state.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Cryo-EM reconstruction and flexible atomic model building from P. falciparum schizont ribosomes\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26432834\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"RPL34 position inferred from the whole-ribosome model, not from RPL34-specific analysis\",\n        \"No perturbation of RPL34 to test its functional requirement\",\n        \"Stage-specific expression or dynamics of RPL34 not resolved\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2025,\n      \"claim\": \"In situ structures of ribosomes caught translating inside infected erythrocytes established that RPL34 occupies the 60S subunit in the physiological cellular environment during elongation, extending the in vitro picture to native conditions.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"In situ cryo-electron tomography of native P. falciparum 80S ribosomes inside infected human erythrocytes, yielding eight translating-state structures\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"40825879\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No functional characterization of RPL34 itself beyond structural presence\",\n        \"Whether RPL34 conformation changes across the eight translating states is not attributed to RPL34 specifically\",\n        \"No interaction partners or modifications of RPL34 mapped\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether RPL34 has any role beyond being a passive structural constituent of the 60S subunit — including specific rRNA/protein contacts, assembly dependencies, or druggable features distinct from other ribosomal proteins — remains unaddressed.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"No experiment in the corpus perturbs, modifies, or functionally isolates RPL34\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Low\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No genetic knockout or knockdown of RPL34 reported\",\n        \"No binding partner, substrate, or post-translational modification identified\",\n        \"No RPL34-specific functional or essentiality data\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0003735\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 1, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0022625\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 1, 2]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005737\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0006414\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [1, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [\n      \"60S large ribosomal subunit of the cytoplasmic 80S ribosome\"\n    ],\n    \"partners\": [],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"RPL34 is characterized in the corpus solely as a structural member of the P. falciparum 60S large ribosomal subunit; no RPL34-specific enzymatic activity, binding partner, or post-translational modification has been experimentally established.\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_0710600","name":null,"product":"60S ribosomal protein L34","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_1221200","name":null,"product":"60S ribosomal protein L34, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_0109300","name":null,"product":"60S ribosomal protein L34, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"RPL34","evaluation":null}