{"gene":"PF3D7_0708300","run_date":"2026-09-08T16:26:55","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2014,"finding":"In P. falciparum, BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) forms a complex with cytoplasmic Kae1 and Cgi121, recapitulating the conserved EKC/KEOPS complex composition seen in other organisms; this interaction was established by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry.","method":"Immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry (IP-MS) with cross-compartment proteomic cross-validation","journal":"The Journal of biological chemistry","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Moderate — single-lab IP-MS with cross-validation strategy; interaction detected but no reconstitution or mutagenesis performed","pmids":["25204654"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"In P. falciparum, BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) is a cytoplasmic protein that participates in the conserved EKC/KEOPS complex by interacting with Kae1 and Cgi121; no enzymatic activity, structure, or additional mechanistic details have been established for BUD32 itself beyond its membership in this complex."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"In P. falciparum, BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) is a component of the conserved EKC/KEOPS complex, interacting with the cytoplasmic proteins Kae1 and Cgi121 to recapitulate the complex composition seen in other organisms [PMID:25204654]. Beyond this membership in a cytoplasmic Kae1/Cgi121-containing complex established by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry [PMID:25204654], no enzymatic activity, structure, or additional mechanistic detail has been characterized for BUD32 itself in the available corpus.","teleology":[{"year":2014,"claim":"Whether P. falciparum possesses an EKC/KEOPS complex and which proteins compose it was unknown; identifying BUD32 in a cytoplasmic complex with Kae1 and Cgi121 established that the conserved complex composition is preserved in this parasite.","evidence":"Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry with cross-compartment proteomic cross-validation in P. falciparum","pmids":["25204654"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Interaction detected by IP-MS but not confirmed by reconstitution or reciprocal pulldown","No enzymatic activity or catalytic contribution of BUD32 was tested","No mutagenesis was performed to map the interaction interfaces"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"The molecular activity, structure, and cellular function of BUD32 beyond its physical membership in the EKC/KEOPS complex remain undetermined.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No biochemical activity assigned to BUD32 itself","No structural model of the P. falciparum complex or BUD32 subunit","No genetic or phenotypic characterization of BUD32 function in the parasite"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["EKC/KEOPS complex"],"partners":["KAE1","CGI121"],"other_free_text":["BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) is established in the corpus only as a member of the P. falciparum EKC/KEOPS complex via interaction with Kae1 and Cgi121; no function specific to BUD32 has been characterized."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"25204654","id":"PMC_25204654","title":"Kinase-associated endopeptidase 1 (Kae1) participates in an atypical ribosome-associated complex in the apicoplast of Plasmodium falciparum.","date":"2014","source":"The Journal of biological chemistry","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25204654","citation_count":11,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["BUD32"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"35891792","id":"","title":"Update and elucidation of Plasmodium kinomes: Prioritization of kinases as potential drug targets for malaria.","date":"2022","source":"Computational and structural biotechnology journal","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35891792","citation_count":0,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["BUD32"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":4748,"output_tokens":365,"usd":0.00986,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":4853,"output_tokens":1005,"usd":0.024695,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.034555,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01NE1MTa8x1hW7Lo4tAaNzY1","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_0141vaQdeFvbo2q39AinvXM9","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"finding\": \"In P. falciparum, BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) forms a complex with cytoplasmic Kae1 and Cgi121, recapitulating the conserved EKC/KEOPS complex composition seen in other organisms; this interaction was established by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry.\",\n      \"method\": \"Immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry (IP-MS) with cross-compartment proteomic cross-validation\",\n      \"journal\": \"The Journal of biological chemistry\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Moderate — single-lab IP-MS with cross-validation strategy; interaction detected but no reconstitution or mutagenesis performed\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"25204654\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"In P. falciparum, BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) is a cytoplasmic protein that participates in the conserved EKC/KEOPS complex by interacting with Kae1 and Cgi121; no enzymatic activity, structure, or additional mechanistic details have been established for BUD32 itself beyond its membership in this complex.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"In P. falciparum, BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) is a component of the conserved EKC/KEOPS complex, interacting with the cytoplasmic proteins Kae1 and Cgi121 to recapitulate the complex composition seen in other organisms [#0]. Beyond this membership in a cytoplasmic Kae1/Cgi121-containing complex established by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry [#0], no enzymatic activity, structure, or additional mechanistic detail has been characterized for BUD32 itself in the available corpus.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether P. falciparum possesses an EKC/KEOPS complex and which proteins compose it was unknown; identifying BUD32 in a cytoplasmic complex with Kae1 and Cgi121 established that the conserved complex composition is preserved in this parasite.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry with cross-compartment proteomic cross-validation in P. falciparum\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"25204654\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Interaction detected by IP-MS but not confirmed by reconstitution or reciprocal pulldown\",\n        \"No enzymatic activity or catalytic contribution of BUD32 was tested\",\n        \"No mutagenesis was performed to map the interaction interfaces\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\n          \"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\",\n          \"strain\": \"\"\n        }\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"The molecular activity, structure, and cellular function of BUD32 beyond its physical membership in the EKC/KEOPS complex remain undetermined.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No biochemical activity assigned to BUD32 itself\",\n        \"No structural model of the P. falciparum complex or BUD32 subunit\",\n        \"No genetic or phenotypic characterization of BUD32 function in the parasite\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\n          \"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\",\n          \"strain\": \"\"\n        }\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005737\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [],\n    \"complexes\": [\"EKC/KEOPS complex\"],\n    \"partners\": [\"Kae1\", \"Cgi121\"],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"BUD32 (PF3D7_0708300) is established in the corpus only as a member of the P. falciparum EKC/KEOPS complex via interaction with Kae1 and Cgi121; no function specific to BUD32 has been characterized.\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_0708300","name":null,"product":"EKC/KEOPS complex subunit BUD32","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_0805600","name":null,"product":"EKC/KEOPS complex subunit BUD32, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_0106900","name":null,"product":"EKC/KEOPS complex subunit BUD32, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"BUD32","evaluation":null}