{"gene":"PF3D7_0219200","run_date":"2026-09-07T10:55:51","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2014,"finding":"Cryo-EM structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution revealed the structural context of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit, of which RPS30 (PF3D7_0219200) is a constituent component, bound to emetine at the E-site; emetine blocks mRNA/tRNA translocation by interacting with the small subunit E-site.","method":"Cryo-EM structure determination at 3.2 Å resolution of the 80S ribosome–emetine complex","journal":"eLife","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the whole ribosome establishes RPS30's structural context as a 40S subunit component, but no functional experiment was performed specifically on RPS30 itself; finding is indirect for this individual protein","pmids":["24913268"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2020,"finding":"The promoter of RPS30 (PF3D7_0219200) drives strong, constitutive expression of fluorescent reporter proteins (GFP, mCherry-luciferase) throughout the complete P. falciparum life cycle including liver stages, demonstrating that RPS30 is a housekeeping gene with constitutive transcriptional activity.","method":"CRISPR/Cas9-based transgenic reporter lines using the RPS30 promoter to drive GFP/mCherry-luciferase expression; fluorescence/luminescence quantification across blood, mosquito, and liver stages","journal":"Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Moderate — direct functional characterization of the RPS30 promoter using two orthogonal reporters and multiple parasite strains (NF54, NF135.C10); establishes constitutive housekeeping expression but does not dissect protein mechanism","pmids":["32587831"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":"NF54"},{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":"NF135.C10"}]},{"year":2015,"finding":"Cryo-EM reconstructions of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome purified from blood-stage schizonts at sub-nanometer resolution provided atomic models of the ribosomal subunits, establishing structural features that differentiate the P. falciparum ribosome (including its 40S subunit, of which RPS30 is a component) from mammalian ribosomes.","method":"Cryo-EM with five reconstructions of ribosomes purified from P. falciparum schizonts; atomic model building by flexible fitting","journal":"Nucleic acids research","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Weak — rigorous cryo-EM structural study of the intact ribosome establishes RPS30's structural context as a 40S component, but no experiment targets RPS30 specifically; finding is indirect for this individual protein","pmids":["26432834"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"PF3D7_0219200 (RPS30) is a constituent protein of the P. falciparum 40S ribosomal small subunit whose promoter drives strong, constitutive (housekeeping) expression throughout the parasite life cycle including liver stages; its structural context within the 80S ribosome has been resolved by cryo-EM, but no experiment has yet defined a specific molecular function or binding interaction for RPS30 itself beyond its membership in the 40S subunit."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"PF3D7_0219200 (RPS30) is a constituent protein of the small (40S) subunit of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome, its structural context within the assembled ribosome having been resolved by high-resolution cryo-EM of ribosomes purified from blood-stage schizonts [PMID:24913268, PMID:26432834]. These structures place RPS30 within a 40S subunit whose features distinguish the parasite ribosome from its mammalian counterpart, and captured the ribosome bound to the translation inhibitor emetine at the small-subunit E-site [PMID:24913268, PMID:26432834]. Independently, the RPS30 promoter drives strong, constitutive expression across the complete parasite life cycle including liver stages, identifying it as a housekeeping gene [PMID:32587831]. Beyond its membership in the 40S subunit and its constitutive promoter activity, no experiment in the available corpus has defined a specific molecular function or binding interaction for RPS30 itself.","teleology":[{"year":2014,"claim":"To understand how antimalarial translation inhibitors act on the parasite ribosome, the first high-resolution structure was needed, which placed RPS30 within the structural context of the 40S subunit.","evidence":"Cryo-EM of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome-emetine complex at 3.2 Å, with emetine at the small-subunit E-site","pmids":["24913268"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No functional experiment targeted RPS30 individually; its role is inferred solely from 40S subunit membership","No RPS30-specific binding partners or contacts within the subunit were dissected","Does not establish any function outside the ribosome"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2015,"claim":"To define features that distinguish the parasite ribosome from the mammalian one for drug-targeting purposes, cryo-EM reconstructions from schizonts provided atomic models of the subunits containing RPS30.","evidence":"Cryo-EM with five reconstructions of ribosomes purified from P. falciparum schizonts and atomic model building by flexible fitting","pmids":["26432834"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["RPS30 was not experimentally probed as an individual protein","No RPS30-specific functional or interaction data emerged","Structural role of RPS30 within the 40S subunit not functionally tested"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2020,"claim":"To determine whether RPS30 is expressed constitutively and could serve as a promoter for transgene expression, reporter lines driven by its promoter were tracked across the life cycle, establishing housekeeping-level activity.","evidence":"CRISPR/Cas9 transgenic reporter lines using the RPS30 promoter to drive GFP and mCherry-luciferase, with fluorescence/luminescence across blood, mosquito, and liver stages in NF54 and NF135.C10","pmids":["32587831"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Characterizes promoter transcriptional activity, not the RPS30 protein or its mechanism","Does not test RPS30 protein function, essentiality, or interactions","No link between constitutive expression and a specific ribosomal role established"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":"NF54"},{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":"NF135.C10"}]},{"year":null,"claim":"Whether RPS30 has any specific molecular function or binding interaction beyond its structural membership in the 40S subunit remains undefined in the available corpus.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No experiment has defined an RPS30-specific molecular activity","No RPS30-specific binding partners or substrates identified","Essentiality and loss-of-function phenotype of RPS30 not established"],"attribution":[]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":["40S small ribosomal subunit of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome"],"partners":[],"other_free_text":["RPS30 promoter drives strong, constitutive (housekeeping) expression throughout the complete P. falciparum life cycle including liver stages [#1].","No specific molecular function or binding interaction has been defined for the RPS30 protein itself beyond its membership in the 40S subunit."]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"24913268","id":"PMC_24913268","title":"Cryo-EM structure of the Plasmodium falciparum 80S ribosome bound to the anti-protozoan drug emetine.","date":"2014","source":"eLife","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24913268","citation_count":276,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"2052558","id":"PMC_2052558","title":"Chloroquine inhibits heme-dependent protein synthesis in Plasmodium falciparum.","date":"1991","source":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2052558","citation_count":56,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["S30"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"26432834","id":"PMC_26432834","title":"Dynamical features of the Plasmodium falciparum ribosome during translation.","date":"2015","source":"Nucleic acids research","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26432834","citation_count":46,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["curated_ref"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"32587831","id":"PMC_32587831","title":"Generation of Novel Plasmodium falciparum NF135 and NF54 Lines Expressing Fluorescent Reporter Proteins Under the Control of Strong and Constitutive Promoters.","date":"2020","source":"Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32587831","citation_count":11,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["40S ribosomal protein S30","S30"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"10733745","id":"PMC_10733745","title":"An in vitro system from Plasmodium falciparum active in endogenous mRNA translation.","date":"2000","source":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10733745","citation_count":6,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["S30"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":5004,"output_tokens":1065,"usd":0.015494,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":5828,"output_tokens":1838,"usd":0.037545,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.053039,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01DbiymDmubkPpYvdbAu5a7V","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_012TbrWvMRH129T7PQ4SmvrJ","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"finding\": \"Cryo-EM structure of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome at 3.2 Å resolution revealed the structural context of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit, of which RPS30 (PF3D7_0219200) is a constituent component, bound to emetine at the E-site; emetine blocks mRNA/tRNA translocation by interacting with the small subunit E-site.\",\n      \"method\": \"Cryo-EM structure determination at 3.2 Å resolution of the 80S ribosome–emetine complex\",\n      \"journal\": \"eLife\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the whole ribosome establishes RPS30's structural context as a 40S subunit component, but no functional experiment was performed specifically on RPS30 itself; finding is indirect for this individual protein\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"24913268\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2020,\n      \"finding\": \"The promoter of RPS30 (PF3D7_0219200) drives strong, constitutive expression of fluorescent reporter proteins (GFP, mCherry-luciferase) throughout the complete P. falciparum life cycle including liver stages, demonstrating that RPS30 is a housekeeping gene with constitutive transcriptional activity.\",\n      \"method\": \"CRISPR/Cas9-based transgenic reporter lines using the RPS30 promoter to drive GFP/mCherry-luciferase expression; fluorescence/luminescence quantification across blood, mosquito, and liver stages\",\n      \"journal\": \"Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Moderate — direct functional characterization of the RPS30 promoter using two orthogonal reporters and multiple parasite strains (NF54, NF135.C10); establishes constitutive housekeeping expression but does not dissect protein mechanism\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"32587831\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"NF54\"},\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"NF135.C10\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"finding\": \"Cryo-EM reconstructions of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome purified from blood-stage schizonts at sub-nanometer resolution provided atomic models of the ribosomal subunits, establishing structural features that differentiate the P. falciparum ribosome (including its 40S subunit, of which RPS30 is a component) from mammalian ribosomes.\",\n      \"method\": \"Cryo-EM with five reconstructions of ribosomes purified from P. falciparum schizonts; atomic model building by flexible fitting\",\n      \"journal\": \"Nucleic acids research\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Weak — rigorous cryo-EM structural study of the intact ribosome establishes RPS30's structural context as a 40S component, but no experiment targets RPS30 specifically; finding is indirect for this individual protein\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26432834\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"PF3D7_0219200 (RPS30) is a constituent protein of the P. falciparum 40S ribosomal small subunit whose promoter drives strong, constitutive (housekeeping) expression throughout the parasite life cycle including liver stages; its structural context within the 80S ribosome has been resolved by cryo-EM, but no experiment has yet defined a specific molecular function or binding interaction for RPS30 itself beyond its membership in the 40S subunit.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"PF3D7_0219200 (RPS30) is a constituent protein of the small (40S) subunit of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome, its structural context within the assembled ribosome having been resolved by high-resolution cryo-EM of ribosomes purified from blood-stage schizonts [#0, #2]. These structures place RPS30 within a 40S subunit whose features distinguish the parasite ribosome from its mammalian counterpart, and captured the ribosome bound to the translation inhibitor emetine at the small-subunit E-site [#0, #2]. Independently, the RPS30 promoter drives strong, constitutive expression across the complete parasite life cycle including liver stages, identifying it as a housekeeping gene [#1]. Beyond its membership in the 40S subunit and its constitutive promoter activity, no experiment in the available corpus has defined a specific molecular function or binding interaction for RPS30 itself.\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2014,\n      \"claim\": \"To understand how antimalarial translation inhibitors act on the parasite ribosome, the first high-resolution structure was needed, which placed RPS30 within the structural context of the 40S subunit.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Cryo-EM of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome-emetine complex at 3.2 Å, with emetine at the small-subunit E-site\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"24913268\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No functional experiment targeted RPS30 individually; its role is inferred solely from 40S subunit membership\",\n        \"No RPS30-specific binding partners or contacts within the subunit were dissected\",\n        \"Does not establish any function outside the ribosome\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2015,\n      \"claim\": \"To define features that distinguish the parasite ribosome from the mammalian one for drug-targeting purposes, cryo-EM reconstructions from schizonts provided atomic models of the subunits containing RPS30.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Cryo-EM with five reconstructions of ribosomes purified from P. falciparum schizonts and atomic model building by flexible fitting\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"26432834\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"RPS30 was not experimentally probed as an individual protein\",\n        \"No RPS30-specific functional or interaction data emerged\",\n        \"Structural role of RPS30 within the 40S subunit not functionally tested\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2020,\n      \"claim\": \"To determine whether RPS30 is expressed constitutively and could serve as a promoter for transgene expression, reporter lines driven by its promoter were tracked across the life cycle, establishing housekeeping-level activity.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"CRISPR/Cas9 transgenic reporter lines using the RPS30 promoter to drive GFP and mCherry-luciferase, with fluorescence/luminescence across blood, mosquito, and liver stages in NF54 and NF135.C10\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"32587831\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"Characterizes promoter transcriptional activity, not the RPS30 protein or its mechanism\",\n        \"Does not test RPS30 protein function, essentiality, or interactions\",\n        \"No link between constitutive expression and a specific ribosomal role established\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"NF54\"},\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"NF135.C10\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"Whether RPS30 has any specific molecular function or binding interaction beyond its structural membership in the 40S subunit remains undefined in the available corpus.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\n        \"No experiment has defined an RPS30-specific molecular activity\",\n        \"No RPS30-specific binding partners or substrates identified\",\n        \"Essentiality and loss-of-function phenotype of RPS30 not established\"\n      ],\n      \"attribution\": []\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0003735\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0022627\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0006412\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [\n      \"40S small ribosomal subunit of the P. falciparum 80S ribosome\"\n    ],\n    \"partners\": [],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"RPS30 promoter drives strong, constitutive (housekeeping) expression throughout the complete P. falciparum life cycle including liver stages [#1].\",\n      \"No specific molecular function or binding interaction has been defined for the RPS30 protein itself beyond its membership in the 40S subunit.\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_0219200","name":null,"product":"40S ribosomal protein S30","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"RPS30","evaluation":null}