{"gene":"PF3D7_0111000","run_date":"2026-09-07T10:55:51","timeline":{"discoveries":[{"year":2019,"finding":"Kinesin-8B (PF3D7_0111000 ortholog in P. berghei) localizes dynamically to basal bodies and the assembling axoneme in the cytoplasm during male gamete development, and does NOT co-localize with kinetochores in the nucleus, distinguishing its function from mitotic spindle roles.","method":"Live cell imaging of kinesin-8B-GFP fusion protein; gene targeting/deletion; electron microscopy","journal":"Life science alliance","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Strong — reciprocal fluorescence tagging, live cell imaging, and gene knockout with defined ultrastructural phenotype; independently replicated in a second study (PMID:31634979)","pmids":["31409625"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2019,"finding":"Deletion of kinesin-8B in P. berghei does not affect mitosis or gametocyte formation, but specifically disrupts 9+2 axoneme assembly and flagellum formation during male gamete development, completely abolishing parasite transmission to the mosquito.","method":"Gene knockout (ΔPbkin8B), ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy, transmission assays","journal":"Life science alliance","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Strong — clean knockout with specific ultrastructural phenotype, replicated independently by Depoix et al. (PMID:31634979)","pmids":["31409625","31634979"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2019,"finding":"P. berghei kinesin-8B (PbKIN8B) is expressed specifically during male gametogenesis and associates with the assembling axoneme. In its absence, cytoplasmic microtubules assemble as doublets and elongate but fail to form the normal 9+2 axonemal structure, blocking microgamete assembly and release without affecting intranuclear mitosis or the three rounds of genome replication.","method":"GFP tagging and live cell imaging; knockout cell line generation (ΔPbkin8B); ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy; in vivo mosquito infection assays","journal":"Cellular microbiology","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 2 / Strong — multiple orthogonal methods (GFP localization, KO, EM ultrastructure, in vivo transmission); consistent with independent study (PMID:31409625)","pmids":["31634979"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2022,"finding":"Kinesin-8B motor domains from both P. berghei and P. falciparum drive ATP-dependent microtubule gliding AND catalyse ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerisation in vitro. Cryo-EM structures of microtubule-bound kinesin-8B reveal Plasmodium-distinct sequences at the microtubule-kinesin interface that influence motor function. P. berghei kinesin-8B shows a non-canonical structural response to ATP analogue binding in which neck linker docking is not induced, yet the neck linker region is required for both motility and depolymerisation activities.","method":"In vitro microtubule gliding assay; in vitro microtubule depolymerisation assay; cryo-electron microscopy of microtubule-bound motor domains; mutagenesis of neck linker region","journal":"Nature communications","confidence":"High","confidence_rationale":"Tier 1 / Strong — reconstituted in vitro activities, cryo-EM structure with functional mutagenesis, performed for both P. berghei and P. falciparum motor domains in a single rigorous study","pmids":["36384964"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""},{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2022,"finding":"SAS4 (a basal body component) co-localizes and associates with kinesin-8B at the basal body (outer centriolar MTOC) in the cytoplasm during male gametogenesis, but does not associate with the kinetochore protein NDC80, placing both kinesin-8B and SAS4 at the cytoplasmic basal body rather than the nuclear MTOC.","method":"Co-localization by fluorescence microscopy; gene deletion of SAS4; electron microscopy","journal":"Life science alliance","confidence":"Medium","confidence_rationale":"Tier 3 / Moderate — co-localization data in fixed/live cells from a single lab; functional consequence established for SAS4 deletion, but kinesin-8B here serves as a reference marker rather than being functionally interrogated","pmids":["35550346"],"is_preprint":false,"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]}],"current_model":"Plasmodium kinesin-8B (PF3D7_0111000) is a microtubule-based motor expressed specifically in male gametocytes that localizes to cytoplasmic basal bodies and the assembling axoneme (not to the mitotic spindle or kinetochores); its motor domain drives both ATP-dependent microtubule gliding and depolymerisation—activities mechanochemically tuned by Plasmodium-distinct residues at the microtubule interface and a non-canonical neck-linker mechanism—and is essential for 9+2 axoneme assembly and flagellum formation during male gamete development, with its absence completely blocking parasite transmission to the mosquito while leaving intranuclear mitosis unaffected."},"narrative":{"mechanistic_narrative":"Plasmodium kinesin-8B (PF3D7_0111000) is a microtubule-based motor whose function is dedicated to male gamete development during the parasite's sexual stage [PMID:31409625, PMID:31634979]. It is expressed specifically during male gametogenesis and localizes dynamically to cytoplasmic basal bodies and the assembling axoneme, and notably does not co-localize with nuclear kinetochores, distinguishing it from mitotic spindle motors [PMID:31409625, PMID:31634979]. At the basal body it co-localizes with the outer centriolar MTOC component SAS4 rather than with kinetochore machinery [PMID:35550346]. Functionally, its motor domain is bifunctional: reconstituted P. berghei and P. falciparum motor domains drive both ATP-dependent microtubule gliding and ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerisation, and cryo-EM reveals Plasmodium-distinct residues at the microtubule interface together with a non-canonical neck-linker mechanism that does not dock upon ATP-analogue binding yet is required for both activities [PMID:36384964]. Genetic ablation in P. berghei leaves intranuclear mitosis and the three rounds of genome replication intact but specifically disrupts 9+2 axoneme assembly and flagellum formation—cytoplasmic microtubules assemble as doublets and elongate but fail to organize into a proper axoneme—blocking microgamete assembly and completely abolishing transmission to the mosquito [PMID:31409625, PMID:31634979].","teleology":[{"year":2019,"claim":"Establishing where kinesin-8B acts settled whether it functions in mitosis or in a distinct cytoplasmic process, revealing a role in axoneme rather than spindle biology.","evidence":"Live-cell imaging of GFP-tagged kinesin-8B with knockout and electron microscopy in P. berghei","pmids":["31409625","31634979"],"confidence":"High","gaps":["Does not resolve which axonemal microtubule populations the motor physically engages","Recruitment mechanism to the basal body not defined"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2019,"claim":"Loss-of-function defined the essential cellular requirement for kinesin-8B, showing it is specifically required for 9+2 axoneme/flagellum formation and thus for transmission.","evidence":"Gene knockout (ΔPbkin8B), ultrastructural EM, and mosquito transmission assays in P. berghei","pmids":["31409625","31634979"],"confidence":"High","gaps":["Does not explain mechanistically why doublet microtubules elongate but fail to form the 9+2 pattern","Whether the phenotype is conserved in P. falciparum not directly tested in vivo"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":2022,"claim":"Biochemical and structural reconstitution answered what the motor actually does at the molecular level, defining it as a bifunctional gliding/depolymerising motor with a non-canonical neck-linker mechanism.","evidence":"In vitro microtubule gliding and depolymerisation assays, cryo-EM of microtubule-bound motor domains, and neck-linker mutagenesis for both P. berghei and P. falciparum motor domains","pmids":["36384964"],"confidence":"High","gaps":["How gliding versus depolymerisation activity is deployed during axoneme assembly in vivo is unresolved","Functional impact of the Plasmodium-distinct interface residues in living gametocytes not tested"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""},{"species":"Plasmodium falciparum","strain":""}]},{"year":2022,"claim":"Co-localization with a basal body marker refined the subcellular assignment, placing kinesin-8B at the cytoplasmic outer centriolar MTOC rather than the nuclear MTOC.","evidence":"Fluorescence co-localization of kinesin-8B with SAS4 (and exclusion from NDC80/kinetochore), with SAS4 gene deletion and EM in P. berghei","pmids":["35550346"],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["Kinesin-8B served as a reference marker and was not functionally interrogated in this study","Direct physical interaction between kinesin-8B and SAS4 not demonstrated"],"attribution":[{"species":"Plasmodium berghei","strain":""}]},{"year":null,"claim":"How kinesin-8B is recruited to the basal body and how its dual gliding/depolymerase activities are spatiotemporally coordinated to build the 9+2 axoneme in vivo remains unresolved.","evidence":"","pmids":[],"confidence":"Medium","gaps":["No identified recruitment factor or direct binding partner for kinesin-8B","In vivo relevance of depolymerisation versus gliding activity to axoneme patterning not established"],"attribution":[]}],"mechanism_profile":{"molecular_activity":[],"localization":[],"pathway":[],"complexes":[],"partners":["SAS4 (CO-LOCALIZES AT THE CYTOPLASMIC BASAL BODY; DIRECT INTERACTION NOT DEMONSTRATED) [#4]"],"other_free_text":["Bifunctional motor: same motor domain supports both ATP-dependent microtubule gliding and ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerisation in vitro [#3]","Plasmodium-distinct residues at the microtubule-kinesin interface influence motor function [#3]","Non-canonical neck-linker mechanism: neck-linker docking is not induced by ATP-analogue binding, yet the neck-linker region is required for both motility and depolymerisation [#3]","Knockout leaves intranuclear mitosis and three rounds of genome replication intact but blocks axoneme assembly; cytoplasmic microtubules form doublets and elongate but fail to reach the 9+2 pattern [#1, #2]","Absence completely abolishes parasite transmission to the mosquito [#1, #2]"]}},"prefetch_data":{},"corpus_meta":[{"pmid":"31600347","id":"PMC_31600347","title":"Plasmodium kinesin-8X associates with mitotic spindles and is essential for oocyst development during parasite proliferation and transmission.","date":"2019","source":"PLoS pathogens","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31600347","citation_count":34,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["kinesin-8B"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"31409625","id":"PMC_31409625","title":"Kinesin-8B controls basal body function and flagellum formation and is key to malaria transmission.","date":"2019","source":"Life science alliance","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31409625","citation_count":33,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["kinesin-8B"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"35550346","id":"PMC_35550346","title":"Plasmodium SAS4: basal body component of male cell which is dispensable for parasite transmission.","date":"2022","source":"Life science alliance","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35550346","citation_count":19,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["kinesin-8B"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"31634979","id":"PMC_31634979","title":"Vital role for Plasmodium berghei Kinesin8B in axoneme assembly during male gamete formation and mosquito transmission.","date":"2019","source":"Cellular microbiology","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31634979","citation_count":13,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["kinesin-8B"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false},{"pmid":"36384964","id":"PMC_36384964","title":"Mechanochemical tuning of a kinesin motor essential for malaria parasite transmission.","date":"2022","source":"Nature communications","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36384964","citation_count":5,"is_preprint":false,"source_species":["Pf"],"role":"primary","match_terms":["kinesin-8B"],"competing_organism_flag":false,"competing_organism_match":"","competing_organism_only":false}],"cost":{"stage1":{"model":"claude-sonnet-4-6","input_tokens":5254,"output_tokens":1635,"usd":0.020144,"stage1_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"stage2":{"model":"claude-opus-4-8","input_tokens":6588,"output_tokens":2598,"usd":0.048945,"stage2_stop_reason":"end_turn"},"total_usd":0.069089,"stage1_batch_id":"msgbatch_01DbiymDmubkPpYvdbAu5a7V","stage2_batch_id":"msgbatch_012TbrWvMRH129T7PQ4SmvrJ","note":"batch pricing = 50% of standard"},"stage1_raw":"```json\n{\n  \"discoveries\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2019,\n      \"finding\": \"Kinesin-8B (PF3D7_0111000 ortholog in P. berghei) localizes dynamically to basal bodies and the assembling axoneme in the cytoplasm during male gamete development, and does NOT co-localize with kinetochores in the nucleus, distinguishing its function from mitotic spindle roles.\",\n      \"method\": \"Live cell imaging of kinesin-8B-GFP fusion protein; gene targeting/deletion; electron microscopy\",\n      \"journal\": \"Life science alliance\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Strong — reciprocal fluorescence tagging, live cell imaging, and gene knockout with defined ultrastructural phenotype; independently replicated in a second study (PMID:31634979)\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"31409625\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2019,\n      \"finding\": \"Deletion of kinesin-8B in P. berghei does not affect mitosis or gametocyte formation, but specifically disrupts 9+2 axoneme assembly and flagellum formation during male gamete development, completely abolishing parasite transmission to the mosquito.\",\n      \"method\": \"Gene knockout (ΔPbkin8B), ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy, transmission assays\",\n      \"journal\": \"Life science alliance\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Strong — clean knockout with specific ultrastructural phenotype, replicated independently by Depoix et al. (PMID:31634979)\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"31409625\", \"31634979\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2019,\n      \"finding\": \"P. berghei kinesin-8B (PbKIN8B) is expressed specifically during male gametogenesis and associates with the assembling axoneme. In its absence, cytoplasmic microtubules assemble as doublets and elongate but fail to form the normal 9+2 axonemal structure, blocking microgamete assembly and release without affecting intranuclear mitosis or the three rounds of genome replication.\",\n      \"method\": \"GFP tagging and live cell imaging; knockout cell line generation (ΔPbkin8B); ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy; in vivo mosquito infection assays\",\n      \"journal\": \"Cellular microbiology\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 2 / Strong — multiple orthogonal methods (GFP localization, KO, EM ultrastructure, in vivo transmission); consistent with independent study (PMID:31409625)\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"31634979\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2022,\n      \"finding\": \"Kinesin-8B motor domains from both P. berghei and P. falciparum drive ATP-dependent microtubule gliding AND catalyse ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerisation in vitro. Cryo-EM structures of microtubule-bound kinesin-8B reveal Plasmodium-distinct sequences at the microtubule-kinesin interface that influence motor function. P. berghei kinesin-8B shows a non-canonical structural response to ATP analogue binding in which neck linker docking is not induced, yet the neck linker region is required for both motility and depolymerisation activities.\",\n      \"method\": \"In vitro microtubule gliding assay; in vitro microtubule depolymerisation assay; cryo-electron microscopy of microtubule-bound motor domains; mutagenesis of neck linker region\",\n      \"journal\": \"Nature communications\",\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 1 / Strong — reconstituted in vitro activities, cryo-EM structure with functional mutagenesis, performed for both P. berghei and P. falciparum motor domains in a single rigorous study\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36384964\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"},\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2022,\n      \"finding\": \"SAS4 (a basal body component) co-localizes and associates with kinesin-8B at the basal body (outer centriolar MTOC) in the cytoplasm during male gametogenesis, but does not associate with the kinetochore protein NDC80, placing both kinesin-8B and SAS4 at the cytoplasmic basal body rather than the nuclear MTOC.\",\n      \"method\": \"Co-localization by fluorescence microscopy; gene deletion of SAS4; electron microscopy\",\n      \"journal\": \"Life science alliance\",\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"confidence_rationale\": \"Tier 3 / Moderate — co-localization data in fixed/live cells from a single lab; functional consequence established for SAS4 deletion, but kinesin-8B here serves as a reference marker rather than being functionally interrogated\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"35550346\"],\n      \"is_preprint\": false,\n      \"attribution\": [\n        {\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}\n      ]\n    }\n  ],\n  \"current_model\": \"Plasmodium kinesin-8B (PF3D7_0111000) is a microtubule-based motor expressed specifically in male gametocytes that localizes to cytoplasmic basal bodies and the assembling axoneme (not to the mitotic spindle or kinetochores); its motor domain drives both ATP-dependent microtubule gliding and depolymerisation—activities mechanochemically tuned by Plasmodium-distinct residues at the microtubule interface and a non-canonical neck-linker mechanism—and is essential for 9+2 axoneme assembly and flagellum formation during male gamete development, with its absence completely blocking parasite transmission to the mosquito while leaving intranuclear mitosis unaffected.\"\n}\n```","stage2_raw":"{\n  \"mechanistic_narrative\": \"Plasmodium kinesin-8B (PF3D7_0111000) is a microtubule-based motor whose function is dedicated to male gamete development during the parasite's sexual stage [#1, #2]. It is expressed specifically during male gametogenesis and localizes dynamically to cytoplasmic basal bodies and the assembling axoneme, and notably does not co-localize with nuclear kinetochores, distinguishing it from mitotic spindle motors [#0, #2]. At the basal body it co-localizes with the outer centriolar MTOC component SAS4 rather than with kinetochore machinery [#4]. Functionally, its motor domain is bifunctional: reconstituted P. berghei and P. falciparum motor domains drive both ATP-dependent microtubule gliding and ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerisation, and cryo-EM reveals Plasmodium-distinct residues at the microtubule interface together with a non-canonical neck-linker mechanism that does not dock upon ATP-analogue binding yet is required for both activities [#3]. Genetic ablation in P. berghei leaves intranuclear mitosis and the three rounds of genome replication intact but specifically disrupts 9+2 axoneme assembly and flagellum formation—cytoplasmic microtubules assemble as doublets and elongate but fail to organize into a proper axoneme—blocking microgamete assembly and completely abolishing transmission to the mosquito [#1, #2].\",\n  \"teleology\": [\n    {\n      \"year\": 2019,\n      \"claim\": \"Establishing where kinesin-8B acts settled whether it functions in mitosis or in a distinct cytoplasmic process, revealing a role in axoneme rather than spindle biology.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Live-cell imaging of GFP-tagged kinesin-8B with knockout and electron microscopy in P. berghei\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"31409625\", \"31634979\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Does not resolve which axonemal microtubule populations the motor physically engages\", \"Recruitment mechanism to the basal body not defined\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2019,\n      \"claim\": \"Loss-of-function defined the essential cellular requirement for kinesin-8B, showing it is specifically required for 9+2 axoneme/flagellum formation and thus for transmission.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Gene knockout (ΔPbkin8B), ultrastructural EM, and mosquito transmission assays in P. berghei\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"31409625\", \"31634979\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Does not explain mechanistically why doublet microtubules elongate but fail to form the 9+2 pattern\", \"Whether the phenotype is conserved in P. falciparum not directly tested in vivo\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2022,\n      \"claim\": \"Biochemical and structural reconstitution answered what the motor actually does at the molecular level, defining it as a bifunctional gliding/depolymerising motor with a non-canonical neck-linker mechanism.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"In vitro microtubule gliding and depolymerisation assays, cryo-EM of microtubule-bound motor domains, and neck-linker mutagenesis for both P. berghei and P. falciparum motor domains\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"36384964\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"High\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"How gliding versus depolymerisation activity is deployed during axoneme assembly in vivo is unresolved\", \"Functional impact of the Plasmodium-distinct interface residues in living gametocytes not tested\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}, {\"species\": \"Plasmodium falciparum\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": 2022,\n      \"claim\": \"Co-localization with a basal body marker refined the subcellular assignment, placing kinesin-8B at the cytoplasmic outer centriolar MTOC rather than the nuclear MTOC.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"Fluorescence co-localization of kinesin-8B with SAS4 (and exclusion from NDC80/kinetochore), with SAS4 gene deletion and EM in P. berghei\",\n      \"pmids\": [\"35550346\"],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"Kinesin-8B served as a reference marker and was not functionally interrogated in this study\", \"Direct physical interaction between kinesin-8B and SAS4 not demonstrated\"],\n      \"attribution\": [{\"species\": \"Plasmodium berghei\", \"strain\": \"\"}]\n    },\n    {\n      \"year\": null,\n      \"claim\": \"How kinesin-8B is recruited to the basal body and how its dual gliding/depolymerase activities are spatiotemporally coordinated to build the 9+2 axoneme in vivo remains unresolved.\",\n      \"evidence\": \"\",\n      \"pmids\": [],\n      \"confidence\": \"Medium\",\n      \"gaps\": [\"No identified recruitment factor or direct binding partner for kinesin-8B\", \"In vivo relevance of depolymerisation versus gliding activity to axoneme patterning not established\"],\n      \"attribution\": []\n    }\n  ],\n  \"mechanism_profile\": {\n    \"molecular_activity\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0008569\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [3]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0008017\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [3]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005524\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [3]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0003777\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 3]}\n    ],\n    \"localization\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005932\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 4]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005879\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 2]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0005737\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [0, 2, 4]}\n    ],\n    \"pathway\": [\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0007288\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [1, 2]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0060271\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [1, 2]},\n      {\"term_id\": \"GO:0035082\", \"supporting_discovery_ids\": [1, 2]}\n    ],\n    \"complexes\": [],\n    \"partners\": [\"SAS4 (co-localizes at the cytoplasmic basal body; direct interaction not demonstrated) [#4]\"],\n    \"other_free_text\": [\n      \"Bifunctional motor: same motor domain supports both ATP-dependent microtubule gliding and ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerisation in vitro [#3]\",\n      \"Plasmodium-distinct residues at the microtubule-kinesin interface influence motor function [#3]\",\n      \"Non-canonical neck-linker mechanism: neck-linker docking is not induced by ATP-analogue binding, yet the neck-linker region is required for both motility and depolymerisation [#3]\",\n      \"Knockout leaves intranuclear mitosis and three rounds of genome replication intact but blocks axoneme assembly; cytoplasmic microtubules form doublets and elongate but fail to reach the 9+2 pattern [#1, #2]\",\n      \"Absence completely abolishes parasite transmission to the mosquito [#1, #2]\"\n    ]\n  }\n}","audit_flag":null,"strains":[{"strain":"Pf3D7","gene_id":"PF3D7_0111000","name":null,"product":"kinesin-8B, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PbANKA","gene_id":"PBANKA_0202700","name":null,"product":"kinesin-8B","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null},{"strain":"PkH","gene_id":"PKNH_0202500","name":null,"product":"kinesin-8B, putative","uniprot_acc":null,"chromosome":null,"start_pos":null}],"gene_symbol":"","evaluation":null}